NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK HOLLISTER. 575 



necked heron {Ardea cocoi)^ and tlie beautiful scarlet ibis {Guara 

 rubra), all from South America, have permanent quarters in the 

 bird house. The roseate spoonbills {Ajaia ajaja) and several species 

 of ibis summer in the open flight cage, but are kept in the bird house 

 in winter. 



The storks, the typical members of this group of birds, are repre- 

 sented by several species, including an American form, the wood 

 ibis {Mycteria amei'icana) which is regularly found in the Southern 

 States and in tropical America. The marabou stork, or adjutant 

 {Leptopfilos duh'ms) is a striking bird with a naked head and neck, 

 a powerful beak, and a white ruff above his shoulders; he is native 

 to the Indian region. The common stork of Europe {Ciconla 

 ciconia) and the black stork {C. nigra) are both shown. The latter 

 is an especially attractive species ; shiny black in color, with a white 

 breast and belly, and bright red bill and feet. The white storks 

 nested in the great flight cage during the summers of 1917 and 1918. 



THE FI^VMINGOES. 



These pinkish birds with long legs and neck and angular beak are 

 in many ways connecting links between the stork-like birds and the 

 ducks and geese. Several species are found in parts of tropical Amer- 

 ica and one formerly occurred in Florida, but the species living in the 

 pelican pond is one of the Old World forms, the European flamingo 

 {Phmnicopterus roseus). The birds thrive in this place, but during 

 the colder months when confined in the bird house they are difficult to 

 keep in good condition. 



DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS. 



The most picturesque and ornamental of all the birds for outdoor 

 exhibition in zoological gardens are the true waterfowl, the game 

 birds known as ducks, geese, and swans. Numerous showy species 

 have been domesticated or brought to a condition of semidomestica- 

 tion and other more unusual species are successfully kept in captivity 

 under proper conditions. The group is cosmopolitan in distribution 

 and no less than 67 species and subspecies are known from North 

 America north of the Mexican border. The order (Anseriformes) in- 

 cludes besides the typical family of waterfowl a small group of South 

 American birds known as the screamers. 



THE KORTH AMERICAN WATERFOWL LAKE. 



In the southeastern side of the park advantage has been taken of 

 the natural topography to reproduce in a measure one of the water- 

 fowl breeding lakes formerly so numerous in the Northern States. 

 For educational purposes, the birds kept in this lake have been re- 



