68 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
mantle and back; lower back rump ochraceous-brown, with white 
centers to the feathers, but no“Wwhite spots; wing-coverts like the back, 
but more uniform, and with scarcely any spots on the lesser and median 
series, the greater series, however, having large white spots and interme- 
diate bars of black; alula black, checkered with white spots and bars; 
primary-coverts rufous, olive-brown at tip and banded with black; quills 
rufous, banded with black, and black at tips, the first two primaries 
checkered on the outer web and barred on the inner web with white; 
secondaries blackish, externally and at the tips ochraceous-brown, with 
numerous ovate spots or bars, the innermost secondaries ochraceous-brown, 
with broad black centers resembling the back; tail-feathers ochraceous- 
brown centered with black ; crown of head olive-brown, with black longitu- 
dinal spots to the feathers; hinder neck ferrugineous, mottled with 
blackish centers to the feathers, which are edged with olive-brown, obscur- 
ing the rufous; lores and broad band through the eye dusky brown, 
becoming rufous on the ear-coverts and extending to the sides of the 
neck, where it is a little brighter rufous; over the lores a white band 
extending above the eye, and continued in a broad band of light ashy 
gray above the ear-coverts, and extending to the sides of the nape; cheeks 
light ashy gray, extending over the fore neck, which is washed with 
brown; fore part of the cheeks and throat white, remainder of under 
surface white, with black bars, very distinct, but narrow on the sides 
of fore neck, broader and more regular on the sides of body, where the 
feathers have olive-brown tips; flank feathers distinctly barred with black 
and white, the black bands being the broader ; feathers at the sides of the 
vent tawny-buff, black at the base, and barred with white; long under 
tail-coverts black, with white bars, tawny-buff at the ends, the lower 
coverts tawny-buff, with black bases; thighs tawny-buff, dusky brown 
behind, under wing-coverts black, broadly edged with white; axillars 
black, barred with white. ‘Bill warm brown; feet and claws hight grayish 
brown; iris indian-red.’ (Hverett.) Length, 292; culmen, 32; wing, 
145; tail, 67; tarsus, 39; middle toe with claw, 47.” (Sharpe.) 
Female——An immature female agrees with the description of the male 
but the lower throat and fore breast are obscured with slate-gray and 
a slight olive wash. Bull dull brick-red, the terminal third brown; iris 
red; legs and nails hight brown. Length, 305; wing, 136; tail, 73; 
culmen, 30; tarsus, 39; middle toe with claw, 43. This species is rare 
in Luzon. 
59. HYPOTAENIDIA TORQUATA (Linneus). 
PHILIPPINE RAIL. 
Rallus torquatus LINNZXUS, Syst. Nat. ed. 12 (1766), 1, 262. 
Hypotenidia torquata SHARPE, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1894), 23, 43; Hand- 
List (1899), 1, 96; McGrecor and WorcEsTER, Hand-List (1906), 16. 
