124 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
darker, blackish brown with white, edges to the feathers; upper tail- 
coverts pure white; lesser wing-cM@rts, outer median, and outer greater 
coverts uniform olive-brown; alula, primary-coverts, and quills blackish 
brown, secondaries like the back and freckled with tiny white spots on 
the edges ; tail-feathers white, the center ones with three black bars on the 
terminal half, these bars disappearing gradually on the lateral feathers, 
outer ones being entirely white; crown, hind neck, and mantle uniform 
ashy brown; a supra-loral streak of white; lores dusky, surmounted by 
an indistinct, white eyebrow, lined with blackish streaks; sides of face, 
ear-coverts, and cheeks white, rather broadly streaked with blackish 
brown ; throat white, streaked with brown on the sides; lower throat, sides 
of neck, and fore neck also distinctly streaked with brown; remainder of 
under surface pure white; sides of upper breast brown, slightly mottled 
with white; under wing-coverts and axillars blackish, barred very plainly 
with white; lower primary-coverts and inner lining of quills uniform, 
with white dots along the inner edge of the secondaries. ‘Bill dusky 
above, reddish beneath; feet grayish blue, tinged with green; iris dusky.’ 
(Macgillivray.) Length, 228; culmen, 35; wing, 137; tail, 56; tarsus, 33. 
“Adult male in breeding plumage.—Differs from the winter plumage 
in being much more variegated, the whole of the back being spotted with 
white, the spots being arranged in pairs on the edges of the feathers, 
which are also tipped with a bar or twin spots of white; the whole of the 
head and neck streaked with white, and the brown streaks on the side of 
the face, fore neck, and chest very broad and distinct, the sides of the 
upper breast being brown, very much mottled with bars of white. Length, 
236; culmen, 35; wing, 137; tail, 55; tarsus, 30. 
“Adult female in breeding plumage.—Does not differ in color from the 
male, but is not quite so strongly marked. Length, 229; culmen, 38; 
wing, 142; tail, 50; tarsus, 33. 
“Young in autumn plumage.—NScarcely differs from the winter plumage 
of the adult, but, when freshly molted, it has indistinct margins of 
ashy bronze on the feathers of the upper surface; the tail-bands are 
narrower on the center feathers, while the subterminal band is broader 
than in the adults. j 
“The change to the summer plumage is apparently effected by a distinct 
molt, which takes place while the bird is in its winter quarters, and in 
many instances, especially in the case of the males, the summer plumage 
is completely assumed before the species leaves for its breeding place.” 
(Sharpe.) 
Genus HETERACTITIS Stejneger, 1884. 
Bill straight, longer than tarsus; back, rump, and tail-coverts uniform 
in color. 
