184 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
erectile plumes on the nape, these being tipped with tawny-buff, and 
the pale tips crossed with ling@@of black; eyebrow, sides of face, and 
sides of the neck tawny-buff, the eyebrow uniform except on the under 
edge, where the feathers are barred with black; ear-coverts scarcely 
marked at all, but the plumes of the sides of the neck narrowly barred 
with black, and elongated into a frill which covers the hind neck, the 
latter being clothed in dense down of a’ tawny-buff-color; the feathers 
below the eye, and a streak along the cheeks and down the sides of the 
neck, black; malar line of feathers and throat creamy white, with a 
central line of reddish buff feathers slightly mottled with black bases; the 
lower throat also creamy white, with four or five tolerably defined broad 
lines of tawny-buff and black-mottled feathers; the lower part of the 
ruff on the fore neck with narrow wavy lines of black; the breast covered 
with down of a tawny-buff-color, and hidden by a large patch of loose 
plumes on each side of the chest, which are mostly black with tawny-butf 
_ margins; remainder of under surface creamy white, streaked with black 
centers to the feathers, the black markings slightly broken up with 
mottlings of tawny-buff; thighs and under tail-coverts with scarcely any 
markings whatever; under wing-coverts and axillars tawny-buff, the 
former narrowly lined with blackish, the axillars more distinctly barred 
with dusky blackish. ‘Bill greenish yellow; legs and feet yellowish green ; 
claws dark brown; iris yellow; bare space before the eye yellowish green.’ 
(Seebohm.) Length, about 610; culmen, 69; wing, 330; tail 112; 
tarsus, 96. 
“Two of the three specimens collected by Mr. Robert Bergman at 
Yokohama are apparently young birds and have the primary-coverts and 
quills almost uniform, with a certain amount of rufous mottlings con- 
fined to the inner webs; in this state of plumage B. stellaris has a great 
resemblance to B. peciloptilus but is always to be distinguished from the 
last-named bird by the tawny-colored frill on the sides of the neck, instead 
of the smoky brown one peculiar to the Australian bird.” (Sharpe.) 
Order ANSERIFORMES. 
DUCKS AND GEESE, 
Bill stout, compressed at base, flattened at tip, which is blunt or rounded 
or rarely spatulate (Spatula), and covered with soft, leathery membrane 
except the hard overhanging “nail” at tip; nostril from subbasal to sub- 
terminal, open and usually oval; neck small and usually long; body 
compact, heavy, flattened, densely covered with short feathers; wings 
stiff, strong, and rather pointed; tail usually short and rounded and 
fairly stiff, never forked and but rarely long and pointed (Dafila) ; legs 
