198 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
a, Back finely vermiculated with wpiiie.............-.------------c-seceeseeeneeeeee marila (p. 198) 
a?, Back uniform black or blackish DYOWN.........--.--.-.--:-c--------s0ees0* fuligula (p. 199) 
164. MARILA MARILA (Linneus). 
SCAUP DUCK. 
Anas marila LINNEUS, Fauna Suecica, ed. 2, (1761), 39. 
Fuligula marila Satvaport, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1895), 27, 355; SHARPE, 
Hand-List (1899), 1, 223; OaTEs, Cat. Birds’ Eggs (1902), 2, 182; 
McGrecor, Phil. Jour. Sci. (1907), 2, sec. A, 295. 
Luzon (Parsons). Northern parts of Europe, Asia, and North America; winter- 
ing on the Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian Seas and in India, China, Japan, 
and Central America. 
“Adult male——Head, neck, upper part of breast and back black; sides 
of the head and upper neck glossed with green; rest of back and scapulars 
white, narrowly barred with black; rump, upper and under tail-coverts 
black; lower breast, abdomen, and sides white; vent somewhat grayish ; 
sides with black barrings ; upper wing-coyerts blackish, finely vermiculated 
with white; secondaries white, forming the speculum, which is bounded 
below by a blackish band, in some specimens more or less freckled with 
white; tertials blackish with a green gloss, the largest ones more or less 
finely dusted with whitish; primaries grayish brown, from the fourth 
quill with a whitish area on inner web, tips black; marginal under wing- 
coverts grayish brown dusted with white, the remainder, as well as axillars, 
white; tail blackish. Bill and legs light lead-gray, webs and nail of 
bill blackish; iris yellow. Length, about 457; wing, 235; tail, 74; 
culmen, 46; tarsus, 35. 
“Female.—Fore part of head and chin white; rest of head, neck, and 
breast brown; upper parts dark brown, back and scapulars slightly 
vermiculated with white, under parts white below the breast; flanks 
brown, more or less vermiculated with white; vent and under tail-coverts 
dark brown, slightly vermiculated with white; wings duller and browner 
than in the male, the upper wing-coverts much less vermiculated with 
white. Bull and legs darker than in the male. Size somewhat less. 
“Young male has the white at base of bill like the adult female, but 
it is of a darker and richer color. 
“Male in first nuptial dress has less green metallic gloss on head and 
neck; the black breast-feathers have white margins; the black under tail- 
coverts are more or less vermiculated ; in the vermiculations of the lower 
mantle, scapulars, and wing-coverts the dark brown predominates over 
the white. . 
“Males in molting plumage closely resemble adult females. 
“Young in down.— ‘Crown, nape, and upper parts uniform dark olive- 
brown; throat, sides of head, and fore part of neck yellowish white; 
