212 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
The harriers or marsh hawks are noticeable among birds of prey for 
their slender form, long ee and slow flight. Adult birds can 
be easily identified but the infmature specimens present considerable 
difficulty. 
Species, 
(Adult.) 
a, Upper parts black; tail silvery gray; lower breast, abdomen, and crissum 
white. 
b!. Throat and fore breast white streaked with black................ spilonotus (p. 211) 
6°. Throat and fore breast, Dla Chae. oo eeceen cnc seeeneerscnesedsnceasemrar melanoleucos (p. 214) 
a’, Upper parts dark brown; tail bluish ash.........................--.- eruginosus (p. 215) 
(Immature. ) 
a. Facial ruff complete across the throat; smaller, tarsus about 70 mm.; wing, 
BEAU Bese ieee seo ae An oo Ue on See epee Be oete cece cae ett seer melanoleucos (p. 214) 
a, Facial ruff incomplete; tarsus about 90 mm.; wing, 400 mm. 
b'. Lighter; general color more rufous-brown............----...--:+++- spilonotus (p. 212) 
b*%. Darker; general color more chocolate-brown.................... zruginosus (p. 215) 
173. CIRCUS SPILONOTUS Kaup. 
ASIATIC MARSH HAWKE. * 
Circus spilonotus Kaup, Cont. Orn. (1850), 59; SHARPE, Cat. Birds Brit. 
Mus. (1874), 1, 58; Hand-List (1899), 1, 245; BLANFoRD, Fauna Brit. 
Ind. Bds. (1895), 3, 388; OaTEs, Cat. Birds’ Eggs (1902), 2, 236; 
McGReEGorR and WoRCESTER, Hand-List (1906), 40. ; 
La-uwin’, Manila; ma-na-o’, Calayan, all species of small hawks. 
Batan (Hdmonds); Calayan (McGregor); Luzon (Heriot, Whitehead) ; Min- 
danao (Platen) ; Mindoro (Everett) ; Palawan (Whitehead, Everett); Sulu (G@wil- 
lemard). Eastern Siberia; in winter to China, Indo-Burmese countries, and 
Malay Archipelago. 
Adult male——Above black, nape and hind neck narrowly streaked with 
white; feathers of lower back and rump tipped with ashy gray or white; 
sides of head and ear-coverts black; lower parts white; chin, throat, and 
breast with bold black shaft-streaks; primaries black, white for basal 
third; alula, primary-coverts, and secondaries ashy white with blackish 
shafts ; secondary-coverts black, more or less mixed with ashy white ; under 
coverts and axillars white; tail ashy white; upper tail-coverts white. Iris 
bright yellow; legs dull yellow; cere waxy green; bill and nails black. 
The above specimen from Tarlac Province, Luzon, measures, 520 in 
length; wing, 410; tail, 230; culmen from base, 33; tarsus, 92; middle 
toe with claw, 63. 
Younger male——Color pattern similar; upper parts brown; white 
streaks on head and neck more numerous; under parts white with wider 
