BUTASTUR. 231 
sides of face clear ashy gray; sides of neck ashy brown, uniform with the 
interscapulary region; wing-coverts rufous-brown, mottled with clearer 
rufous; primary-coverts rufous, externally mottled and broadly tipped 
with black; quills rufous, narrowly tipped with buffy white, primaries 
brown externally and toward their tips, also barred with dark brown on 
their inner webs; the secondaries ashy brown, inclining gradually to whity 
brown at their tips, washed with rufous and barred with dark brown; 
the lower surface of the wing creamy white on the inner webs of the 
quills, somewhat washed with rufous; tail ashy brown, whity brown at 
tip and crossed with three or four broad bars of blackish brown, the lower 
surface ashy white, the bars showing more plainly, except on the outer- 
most feather, where they are obsolete ; throat white, with a mesial line of 
ashy brown, as well as two not very distinct moustachial streaks; upper 
breast ashy brown, washed with rufous, the lower breast and abdomen 
barred with white and rufous-brown, the latter bars decreasing toward 
the vent and thighs, and totally absent on the under tail-coverts; under 
wing-coverts with slight cross-markings of pale rufous. Bill leaden blaek, 
yellow at base; cere and feet yellow; iris yellow. Length, 470;.culmen, 
33; wing, 333; tail, 201; tarsus, 61. 
“Adult female-—Larger. Length, 470; wing, 345; tail, 213; tarsus, 62. 
“Young.—Considerably different from the adult. Above dark brown, 
the wing-coverts washed with rufous and tipped with dull white, the 
greater ones with rufous or rufous-white spots on both webs, giving a 
mottled appearance to these parts; forehead and eyebrow creamy white ; 
crown and hind neck brown, the feathers margined with creamy white, 
giving a striped appearance, the latter also slightly washed with rufous; 
sides of face ashy brown, streaked with darker brown, the fore part of the 
cheeks white; under surface of body creamy buff, the throat with a 
central blackish streak on the lower part; center of chest streaked with 
dark brown, the breast with pale chestnut, becoming spade-shaped spots 
on the flanks, but narrowing to small streaks on the thighs, and dis- 
appearing altogether on the under tail-coverts, which are creamy buff; 
under wing-coverts creamy buff, with a few rufous-brown marks on the 
lower series, and bars of the same on the axillars; upper tail-coverts brown, 
white at the base and at tip, and having the outer margin also white; 
tail ashy brown, tipped with pale rufous-brown and crossed with five 
bars of darker brown, the subterminal one broader ; quills dark brown, the 
secondaries paler, the base of the inner web white, with remains of ashy 
bars on the inner secondaries. Cere and feet yellow; bill black; iris 
yellow.” (Sharpe.) 
“Exceedingly common throughout the group. Most abundant about 
scattering trees in open fields. Breeds.” (Bourns and Worcester MS.) 
The tic-wee buzzard is the commonest hawk in the Philippines and on 
Calayan and Batan Islands it occurs in immense flocks during migration. 
