MEROPS. 339 
male from northern Mindanao is 762 in length; wing, 360; tail, 235; 
bill from nostril, 126; length of casque at base, 76; tarsus, 50. A 
female is 620 in length; wing, 290; tail, 220; bill from nostril, 89; 
length of casque at base, 57; tarsus, 49. 
302. CRANIORRHINUS WALDENI Sharpe. 
WALDEN’S HORNBILL, 
Craniorrhinus waldeni SHARPE, Trans. Linn. Soe. (1877), 1, 322. 
Cranorrhinus waldeni GRANT, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1892), 17, 380; 
SHARPE, Hand-List (1900), 2, 65; McGregor and WorcESTER, Hand- 
List (1906), 56. 
Guimaras (Steere Exp.); Negros (Steere Exp., Keay, Whitehead); Panay 
(Steere, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester). 
“Adult male.—Head, neck, and chest dark chestnut, the feathers next 
the naked parts of the face and throat inclining to buff; tail white 
(stained rufous), the basal third and the tips of the feathers black; rest 
of the plumage black, the upper parts glossed with dark green; naked 
skin round the eye and on the throat yellow; iris red; legs and feet black ; 
bill and casque red, except toward the end; base of the lower mandible 
covered by a plate with dark-colored oblique grooves; casque transversely 
folded. Length, 724; wing, 345; tail, 254; tarsus, 51. 
“Adult female.—Differs from the male in having all the plumage of 
the head and neck black, and the casque without transverse folds; naked 
skin appears to have been black mixed with yellow. Length, 673; wing, 
310; tail, 218; tarsus, 48.” (Grant.) 
“Hornbills, almost certainly of this species, were seen by the Steere 
expedition in Negros, but no specimens were obtained.” (Bourns and 
Worcester MS.) 
Suborder MEROPES. 
Family MEROPIDE. 
Bill long, slender, pointed, and gently curved downward for its entire 
length; a well-defined ridge on culmen; tarsi short and unfeathered ; 
fourth and third toes united to last joint; second toe united to middle 
toe for basal joint only; eggs white, deposited in holes in sandy ground, 
the birds usually nesting in colonies. 
Genus MEROPS Linneus, 1758. 
Tail moderate, composed of twelve feathers, middle pair slender and 
prolonged beyond the others; wing moderately long and pointed, first 
primary very short, second longest. 
Species. 
a’. Mantle and crown chestnut; throat pale green..................-.-- americanus (p. 340) 
a°, Mantle and crown green; throat largely chestnut................ philippinus (p. 341) 
