380 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
Male.—Entire plumage glossy blue-black. Bill dusky greenish; iris 
crimson; legs and feet dark steel-blue; nails brown. Length, 490; wing, 
241; tail, 237; exposed culmen, a bill from nostril, 22. 
Female.—Above dark brown with a faint purple gloss on wing-coverts 
and scapulars ; feathers of crown, neck, and sides of face with rufous shaft- 
stripes; back, rump, and wings with small tawny-rufous spots, quills and 
tail barred with same color ; lower parts buff (inclining to white on middle 
of breast) barred with black; a more or less distinct white band from 
base of bill to below posterior edge of ear-coverts, wider posteriorly ; below 
this a wide band of dark rufous mixed with black; ear-coverts similar ; 
chin and throat striped with black and tawny-buff. Bill dusky greenish ; 
iris crimson; legs and feet steel-blue; nails brown. Length, 490; wing, 
240; tail, 227; exposed culmen, 31; bill from nostril, 22. 
Subfamily CENTROPODIN. 
Genus CENTROPUS Illiger, 1811. 
Bill powerful, strongly curved; legs and feet strong, tarsus naked; 
claw of hind toe very long and slender, nearly straight; wings short, 
rounded, and curved to the body, primaries but little longer than second- 
aries; tail very long, its feathers wide and soft; feathers of head, neck, 
and throat coarse and decomposed, their shafts strong and polished. 
Species. 
w. Head, chin, and throat black; wings neither chestnut nor fawn. 
6. Entire plumage nearly uniform black, glossed with oil-green. 
c’. Slightly smaller; culmen in male, about 29 mm........ mindorensis (p. 381) 
c*. Slightly larger; culmen in male, about 32 mm................ carpenteri (p. 382) 
b*. Neck and breast smoky brown in contrast with the black of head and throat. 
steeri (p. 382) 
a*, Not uniform black; wings chestnut, rufous, or fawn. 
bt. Tail black, glossed with blue or green. 
ec’. Under parts nearly uniform black. 
@. Head, neck, and breast glossed with bluish violet; wing, 220 mm. or more. 
sinensis (p. 382) 
da’. Head, neck, and breast glossed with oil-green or dark blue; wing, 190 
mm. or less. 
e*, Wings bright rufous; shafts of wing-coverts rufous; wing-lining black. 
viridis (p. }383) 
e*. Wings dark buff; shafts of wing-coverts pale buff; wing-lining buff. 
javanicus (p. 384) 
©. Chin, throat, and breast light buff; abdomen black, glossed with oil-green. 
melanops (p. 386) 
b*. Tail and entire upper parts uniform rufous........ soe saute edasas unirufus (p. 386) 
