428 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
H. rustica, it will be found to be so only in the majority of specimens, 
and by no means invariably; in fact there is as much variation with 
H. gutturalis in the direction of @€omplete collar on the fore neck as 
there is in H. rustica in that of a broken collar. Again, although the 
majority of H. gutturalis have a white under surface, still this is not 
an unfailing character of the eastern race; for many undoubted examples 
are rufescent below, although there is never such a decided tint of 
rufous as in full-plumaged H. rustica.” 
392. HIRUNDO JAVANICA Sparrman. 
ASIATIC SWALLOW, 
Hirundo javanica SPARRMAN, Mus. Carls. (1789), 2, pl. 100; Starrs, Cat. 
Birds Brit. Mus. (1885), 10, 142; Hand-List (1901), 3, 194; Wuuite- 
HEAD, Ibis (1899), 236 (nesting habits); OaTes and Rerp, Cat. Birds’ 
Eggs (1903), 3, 239; McGrrecor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 70. 
Lai-ang’ lai-ang’, Manila. 
Babuyan Claro (McGregor); Bantayan (McGregor); Basilan: (Steere Exp., 
Bourns & Worcester, McGregor) ; Batan (McGregor) ; Bohol (Everett, McGregor) ; 
Cagayan Sulu (Gwillemard, McGregor); Calamianes (Bourns & Worcester, Mc- 
Gregor); Camiguin N. (McGregor); Catanduanes (Whitehead) ; Cebu (Hverett, 
McGregor) ; Cuyo (McGregor); Dinagat (Everett); Guimaras (Bourns ¢ Wor- 
cester) ; Leyte (Everett); Lubang (McGregor); Luzon (Whitehead, Bourns ¢ 
Worcester) ; Marinduque (Steere Exp.); Masbate (Bourns € Worcester); Min- 
danao (Platen, Bourns & Worcester); Mindoro (Steere Hap., Schmacker, Mc- 
Gregor) ; Negros (Steere Exp., Bourns € Worcester) ; Palawan (Lempriere, Platen, 
Whitehead, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, White); Panay (Bourns & Worces- 
ter); Romblon (McGregor); Samar (Steere Exp.); Sibutu (Hverett); Sibuyan 
(McGregor); Siquijor (Bourns & Worcester, Celestino); Sulu (Guillemard, 
Bourns & Worcester); Tawi Tawi (Bourns & Worcester) ; Ticao (MeGregor). 
Southern India, Malay Peninsula, Molucca Islands, islands of Torres Straits, 
New Guinea, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Ceylon. 
Adult (sexes similar).—Lores black; entire forehead, chin, throat, 
and fore breast chestnut-rufous; upper parts including wings and tail 
glossy steel-blue, feathers of neck and back with white bases; breast, 
abdomen, under tail-coverts, sides, and axillars ashy brown, whitish on 
abdomen; longest tail-coverts with white tips and black subterminal 
bars; rectrices, except middle pair, with white spots on inner webs. 
Length, about 140. Male, wing, 109; tail, 53; depth of fork, 12; bill 
from nostril, 7; tarsus, 9. Female, wing, 107; tail, 51; depth of fork, 
7; bill from nostril, 7. 
Young birds have the chin, throat, and breast much lighter, upper 
parts with less gloss, and the forehead black like the crown with no green 
gloss... 
The Asiatic swallow is abundant and widely distributed. It makes a 
crescent-shaped nest of mud which it fastens to a rock-cliff or to a beam 
under a building. Three heavily incubated eggs were collected in Bohol 
in July. They are white, dotted with reddish and blackish brown, and 
with a few under shell-markings of lavender; they measure 17.7 by 12.4 
