496 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
Bantayan (JcGregor); Banton (Celestino); Basilan (Hverett, Steere Ezp., 
Bourns & Worcester, McGregor) ; Bohol (Everett, McGregor) ; Cagayancillo (Mc- 
Gregor); Cagayan Sulu (@uillemar cGregor) ; Calamianes (Bourns & Worces- 
ter); Caluya (Porter); Catanduanes (Whitehead); Cebu (Meyer, Steere Ezxp., 
Bourns & Worcester, McGregor) ; Cuyo (McGregor); Guimaras (Meyer, Steere 
HLep., Bourns & Worcester) ; Leyte (Hverett) ; Lubang (McGregor); Luzon (Hve- 
rett, Steere Exp., Bourns € Worcester, Whitehead, McGregor) ; Marinduque (Steere 
Hep.) ; Masbate (McGregor) ; Mindanao (Steere, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, 
Celestino) ; Mindoro (Steere Exp., Bourns &€ Worcester, McGregor) ; Negros (Bve- 
rett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Whitehead, Keay); Palawan (Bourns & 
Worcester) ; Panay (Murray, Steere, Steere Bxp., Bourns & Worcester) ; Romblon 
(Bourns &€ Worcester) ; Sibay (McGregor & Worcester) ; Sibuyan (Bourns & Wor- 
cester, McGregor) ; Siquijor (Bourns & Worcester, Celestino) ; Sulu (G@uwillemard, 
Bourns & Worcester) ; Tablas (Bourns & Worcester) ; Ticao (McGregor). Malay 
Peninsula, Nicobar Islands, Sumatra, Java, Borneo. 
Male.—Very similar to ZL. melanoleuca, but much smaller and with a 
broad white line from forehead over eye to nape. Length, about 180; 
other measurements from a male taken in Bohol are: Wing, 92; tail, 73; 
culmen from base, 18; bill from nostril, 11; tarsus, 19. 
The immature male resembles the adult female. 
Female.—Differs from the male in having the upper surface bluish 
gray with blackish shaft-lines, the white band over eye less distinct, and 
the breast, sides, and flanks closely barred with narrow gray lines. A 
female from Bohol measures: Wing, 92; tail, 72; culmen from base, 17; 
bill from nostril, 12; tarsus, 20. 
Nestling—Two nestlings from Banton, June 30, 1905, have the 
feathers of upper parts dark ashy brown with wide tips of light earthy 
buff; under parts white with spots and longitudinal lines of blackish 
brown, the wings are similar to those of the adult, but the white areas are 
washed with buff. ; 
The pied lalage is widely distributed and abundant; the other two 
Philippine species are comparatively rare. 
Family PYCNONOTIDA. 
Bill slender and compressed; culmen gently curved and having a 
decided keel ; a notch near the tip of upper mandible and, in some genera, 
another notch near tip of lower mandible; nostrils pierced in the anterior 
part of a membrane the base of which may be covered with short plumes, 
but the nostrils always exposed except in Jrena; wing longer than tail; 
first primary little more than one-half the second, the latter shorter 
than third; fourth and fifth usually forming the tip of the wing; tail 
square, or slightly rounded, rarely decidedly graduate; tarsus short, 
nearly always less than culmen from base, and seldom greater than 
middle toe with claw. In some genera there are a number of hairs 
springing from the nape, but these are not greatly developed, except in 
Irena and Trichophorus. 
