508 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
Banton (Celestino) ; Bohol (Steere Exp., McGregor); Cebu (Meyer, Murray, 
Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Leyte (Hverett, Steere 
Exp.) ; Lubang (McGregor) ; Luzon (Kittlitz, Meyer, Méllendorff, Everett, Steere 
Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Whiteh@™®, McGregor); Marinduque (Steere Exp.) ; 
Mindanao (Everett, Koch & Schadenberg, Goodfellow) ; Panaon (Hverett); Samar 
(Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester). : 
Adult.—Similar to Jole rufigularis, but smaller, and easily recognized 
by the more rufescent chin and throat and the very distinct white, or 
whitish, shaft-lines on these parts. The sexes are similar in colors. 
Extreme and average measurements of ten males from Mariveles, Bataan 
Province, Luzon, are as follows: Wing, 96 to 104 (100) ; tail, 88 to 90 
(89) ; exposed culmen, 20 to 22 (20.5); bill from nostril, 15 to 16 
(15.5); tarsus, 18 to 21 (20). Ten females from the same locality 
measure: Wing, 91 to 100 (94); tail, 81 to 89 (85); exposed culmen, 
19 to 22 (19.5) ; bill from nostril, 15 to 16 (15.5) ; tarsus, 19 to 22 (20). 
“Found about fruit trees in the forest, but more abundant in the open 
country, so far as our observation goes. Masbate birds are larger than 
those from the other islands, as the following measurements will show. 
“Six males from Masbate average: Length, 229; wing, 106; tail, 92; 
culmen, 46; tarsus, 19; middle toe with claw, 23. Six females, length, © 
226; wing, 99; tail, 88; culmen, 27; tarsus, 18.5; middle toe with claw, 
21. [The Masbate bulbul is J. guimarasensis]. 
“Four males from Cebu, length, 219; wing, 100.; tail, 90; culmen, 51; 
tarsus, 18; middle toe with claw, 21. Four females from the same place, 
length, 205; wing, 94; tail, 83; culmen, 25; tarsus, 18; middle toe with 
claw, 21. 
“Tris chocolate-brown; legs, feet, and nails dark brown; bill black, 
lower mandible sometimes dark brown.” (Bourns and Worcester MS.) 
Two eggs of the Philippine bulbul collected by Whitehead at Cape 
Engafio, Luzon, in May, 1895, are described thus: “Shape ovate. 
Ground-color pure white, thickly speckled all over with brown, lake, and 
pale violet under-markings. Measurements 29 mm. by 20 mm. The 
nest which is constructed of fine roots, like that of other bulbuls, was 
placed in a bush in the vicinity of the forest.” (Grant and Whitehead.) 
483. IOLE GUIMARASENSIS Steere. 
STEERE’S BULBUL. 
Iole guimarasensis STEERE, List Birds & Mams. Steere Exped. (1890), 19; _ 
GRANT, Ibis (1896), 546; WHITEHEAD, Ibis (1899), 215; McGrecor, 
Pub. Govt. Labs. (1905), 25, 32; McGrecor and Worcester, Hand-List 
(1906), 79. 
Iole philippinensis BourNs and Worcester, Minnesota Acad. Nat. Sci. Oce. 
Papers (1894), 1, 60 (part). 
Iole philippensis SHARPE, Hand-List (1901), 3, 313 (part). 
Pé-la-go, Ticao, used for Pycnonotus also. 
