556 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
the axillaries and under wing- and tail-coverts; each feather on the 
under parts has a dark brown subterminal transverse band, which on the 
throat is continued on the margigg of the feathers; the axillars and the 
under tail-coverts have several ee dark bars. After the autumn 
molt the only perceptible difference in the female is that the pale brown 
margins of the feathers are somewhat longer. Males of the year scarcely | 
differ from adult females, excepting in having the ground-color of the 
under parts, especially on the breast and belly, tinged with blue. Jemales 
of the year have the ground-color of the upper parts brown, only slightly 
tinged with blue on the wing-coverts, rump, and upper tail-coverts. 
Young in first plumage differ very slightly from the females of the year, 
but have scarcely a trace of blue.” (Seebohm.) 
A young female from Calayan is brown, slightly washed with dull 
blue on mantle and back; feathers of mantle, back, and tail-coverts with 
subterminal blackish bars and gray tips; under parts ocherous buff the 
feathers with subterminal blackish bars; wings black, the feathers tipped 
with white and edged with gray, tail similar; wing-lining, axillars, and 
crissum richer ocherous barred with black. 
“Curiously enough this bird is called “solitaria’ by the natives of 
Negros on account of its habits. Always seen singly or in pairs. Com- 
mon in the villages, especially about old churches. Also abundant on 
the rocks along the seashore and in open country in general; never found 
in the forest. Iris dark brown; bill, legs, feet, and nails black; food, 
insects. 
“Six males average, 210 in length; wing, 111; tail, 85; culmen, 23; 
tarsus, 27; middle toe with claw, 26. Four females, length, 210; wing, 
111; tail, 84; culmen, 23; tarsus, 27; middle toe with claw, 27.” 
(Bourns and Worcester MS.) 
A specimen from Bataan Province, Luzon, appears to be much nearer 
Petrophila cyanus (Linneus) than P. manillensis; the under parts are ye 
blue with the chestnut restricted to the axillars, wing-lining, crissum, | 
and a few feathers in the middle of abdomen. | 
Subfamily RUTICILLIN 4. 
Nearly all the members of this subfamily are considerabiy smaller 
than any of the Turdine. There is much diversity in the color pattern 
as well as in the length and shape of the tail. The species are mostly 
terrestrial. 
