558 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
Genus CALLIOPE Gould, 1837. 
Bill slender; culmen from base nearly equal to hind toe with claw; 
wing long and pointed; first g@@fmary more than one-half second and 
longer than tarsus; tail rounded, about three-fourths as long as wing. 
Throat white or bright red. 
540. CALLIOPE CALLIOPE (Pallas). 
SIBERIAN RUBYTHROAT, 
Motacilla calliope PALLAS, Reise Russ. Reichs (1776), 3, 697. 
Erithacus calliope Sresoum, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1881), 5, 305. 
Calliope camtschatkensis OATES, Fauna Brit. Ind. Bds. (1890), 2, 102, fig. 
29 (head); WHITEHEAD, Ibis (1899), 214 (habits). 
Calliope calliope Suarpr, Hand-List (1903), 4, 155; Oates and Rep, Cat. 
Birds’ Eggs (1905), 4, 149; McGrecor and Worcester, Hand-List 
(1906), 85. 
Pi-l6y, Manila. 
Calayan (McGregor); Luzon (Hverett, Whitehead, McGregor); Masbate 
(Bourns & Worcester); Mindoro (Whitehead); Negros (Whitehead). Siberia 
and northern China; in winter to southern China, Burmese Provinces, northern 
and central India; accidental in Europe. 
Male.—Above olive-brown, at times more or less ashy; line over lores 
and over eye white; lores and line under eye black, below this a broader 
white line; base of jaw black; chin and throat-patch bright strawberry- 
red surrounded by a narrow line of black; chest ashy gray; middle of 
breast and abdomen white; sides of abdomen and flanks hight buff-brown ; 
tail-coverts white, washed with buff. Iris brown; bill dusky brown, 
nearly black with its base whitish ; legs and nails dark flesh-color. Length, 
about 160 mm. A male from Calayan measures: Wing, 80; tail, 64; cul- 
men from base, 15; bill from nostril, 9; tarsus, 30; middle toe with claw, 
24. , 
Female.—Differs from the male in having black lines on sides of head 
and throat replaced by brown; loral feathers with brown tips; throat- 
patch white; no ashy gray on breast. A female from Calayan measures : 
Wing, 78; tail, 63; culmen from base, 15; bill from nostril, 10; tarsus, 
29. 
“Birds of the year have the brown of both the upper and under parts 
more ochraceous, and the male resembles the female, except in having 
traces of red on the throat. Young in first plumage appear to be 
unknown.” (Seebohm.) 
Genus COPSYCHUS Wagler, 1827. 
Bill moderately stout, when measured from nostril less than hind 
toe with claw; rictal bristles small; wing pointed; slightly concave, and 
less than tail in length; first primary more than one-half the second, 
and much longer than tarsus; rectrices long, narrow, and strongly 
a 
