604 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
base, 18; bill from nostril, 11; tarsus, 20. A female, wing, 74; tail, 
62; culmen from base, 17; bill from nostril, 10; tarsus, 20. 
“Common in Tawi Tawi, less gagin Sulu. A deep woods bird; tame 
and easily shot. Feeds on ‘cota usually keeps some distance above 
the ground. Six males average: Length, 157; wing, 81; tail, 64; culmen, 
17.8; tarsus, 19.5; middle toe with claw, 18. Four females, length, 150; 
wing, 77; tail, 63; culmen, 17.8; tarsus, 19; middle toe with claw, 17.8. 
Tris dark brown; legs, feet, and nails light brown; bill black. Breeding 
in Tawi Tawi in the month of September.” (Bourns and Worces- 
ter MS.) 
Family PARIDA. 
Bill conoidal and stout, shorter than head; no notch in cutting edge, 
and tip not hooked; nostrils slightly oval, hidden by the antrorse frontal 
plumes; rictal bristles short and inconspicuous; wing flat and somewhat 
pointed ; first primary less than one-half of second, the latter less than 
the third; fourth and fifth longest; third and sixth about equal in 
length; rectrices broad with nearly square tips; tail nuch shorter than 
wing; tarsus stout, less than twice the bill from nostril, distinctly 
scutellate in front; basal joints of anterior toes more or less united. 
Genera. 
a’. Breast and abdomen yellow; rectrices tipped with white or with pale yellow. 
Pardaliparus (p. 604) 
a’. Breast and abdomen black, or dull brown, nearly uniform in color with the 
back; rectrices without white or light-colored tips........ Penthornis (p. 608) 
Genus PARDALIPARUS Selys-Longchamps, 1884. 
Chin, throat, and much or all of the head black; breast and abdomen 
yellow ; rectrices and many of the wing-feathers with wide tips of white 
or of pale yellow. 
Species. 
a‘. A broad yellow band from below eye across auriculars to side of neck, separat- 
ing the black of chin and throat from the black of head. 
b’. Larger; bill longer; spots on wing-coverts larger and more nearly white. 
c’. Bill much smaller; spot on hind neck and stripe on side of head and 
neck bright canary-yellow. 
d'. Back and scapulars more olive-green.........-.-----+--+----0+---- elegans (p. 605) 
d?, Back and ‘seapulars, white! 2. <2 eee sees eee cetese na albescens (p. 606) 
c’. Bill much larger; spot on neck and stripe on side of head and neck very 
Pr CULO aioe aan ae ace von ns nee ig Cao aaa edithe (p. 606) 
b?. Smaller; bill shorter; spots on wing-coverts smaller and washed with yellow. 
mindanensis (p. 607) 
a, No yellow band on side of head and neck, which are entirely black. 
amabilis (p. 607) 
