4 
606 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
brown; legs and feet slaty blue to black; bill black; nails gray. We 
found this species breeding in Cebu in the month of June.” (Bourns 
and Worcester MS.) 
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593. PARDALIPARUS ALBESCENS McGregor. 
WHITE-BACKED TITMOUSE. 
Parus elegans Gapow, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1883), 8, 22 (part); Mo- 
GREGOR, Bull. Philippine Mus. (1903), 1, 11. 
Pardaliparus elegans SHARPE, Hand-List (1903), 4, 328 (part) ; McGrecor 
and WorcEsTER, Hand-List (1906), 94 (part). 
Pardaliparus albescens McGrecor, Phil. Jour. Sci. (1907), 2, sec. A, 293. 
Masbate (McGregor) ; Ticao (McGregor). 
Specific characters.—Similar to P. elegans Lesson, but with little or 
no olive-green on upper parts, and the white on scapulars and back much 
more extensive, to a large extent replacing the black. Male (type), 
wing, 63; tail, 38; culmen from base, 11; bill from nostril, 8; tarsus, 17. 
594. PARDALIPARUS EDITHA McGregor. 
EDITH’S TITMOUSE, 
Pardaliparus elegans McoGrecor, Bull. Philippine Mus. (1904), 4, 27; Me- 
GREGOR and WoRcESTER, Hand-List (1906), 94 (part). 
Pardaliparus edithe McGrrcor, Phil. Jour. Sci. (1907), 2, sec. A, 294. 
Calayan (McGregor) ; Camiguin N. (McGregor). 
Male.—Top of head, sides of neck and mantle glossy blue-black; an 
irregular white patch in center of nape; a number of large white spots 
on mantle; back and rump gray, washed with olivaceous; upper tail- 
coverts glossy black; chin, throat, and fore breast dead black, forming 
a large triangular patch, bounded above by a broad band of white, 
slightly washed with yellow, which extends under eye across ear-coverts 
onto side of neck; rest of lower parts pale lemon-yellow, washed with 
olivaceous on sides of neck and abdomen and on flanks; wings glossy 
black; primaries narrowly edged with gray on their outer webs and 
with white on the inner; greater and median coverts with white spots 
at tips (much smaller than in P. elegans and not forming bands as in 
that species) ; secondaries tipped with white; tail black with white 
markings as in P. elegans, but the white tips much smaller and white 
on outer webs of two outer pairs of rectrices. Bill black except basal 
third which is horn-blue; legs dull blue; nails horn-brown. Length, 
122; wing, 67; tail, 43; culmen from base, 12; bill from nostril, 10; 
tarsus, 18; middle toe with claw, 17. 
Female.—Similar to the male, but somewhat duller and upper parts 
more olive-green. Wing, 63; tail, 38; culmen from base, 12; bill from 
nostril, 9; tarsus, 18. 
