696 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 
horn-color. An adult male from Luzon measures: Length, 305; wing, 
150; tail, 104; culmen from base, 34; bill from nostril, 24; tarsus, 25. 
Adult female.—Similar to male, but the mantle with a dusky, 
slightly olive, wash contrasting strongly with the clear golden yellow of 
hind neck. A female from Mindoro measures: Wing, 149; tail, 112; 
culmen from base, 34; bill from nostril, 25; tarsus, 26. 
Young.—Above olive-yellow or golden olive; the crescent crown mark 
obscure and more or less dusky olive in color; tertials and rectrices 
dusky, washed with olive; under parts much paler than in the adult, 
near lemon- or gamboge-yellow; feathers of breast with distinct black 
shaft-lines. As the bird becomes older the crescent-mark on the head 
becomes better developed and the shaft-marks on the breast become less 
distinct. The bill is dusky brown in immature individuals. 
Three eggs of the Philippine oriole, taken by Whitehead at Cape 
Engano, Luzon, on April 15, 1895, are thus described : 
“Shape ovate. Pure white, with scattered spots and minute dots of 
deep blackish brown, and a few faint under-markings of slate gray. 
Measurements 32 mm. by 23 mm.” ‘Two eggs from Fuga, April 5, 1895, 
are “similar to the above.” Measurements 33 mm. by 22 mm. 
“The first nest was placed in a casuarina tree on the seacoast at some 
distance from the forest; the second was found in a high tree close to 
the freshly made nest of the white-breasted sea eagle (Haliwtus leuco- 
gaster) from which the bird was disturbed. Both nests were of the 
usually oriole type.” (Grant and Whitehead.) 
“After a careful comparison of specimens from Palawan and the 
Calamianes Islands, we can see no good reason for making distinct species 
of them. The amount of yellow on the head is extremely variable. We 
have birds from Luzon and Mindoro which show quite as much as any 
of our Palawan or Calamianes birds. Nor do we find any constant dif- 
ference in size between the Palawan-Calamianes birds and those from 
other parts of the group. 
“Nine males average: Length, 290; wing, 155; tail, 107; culmen, 
37; tarsus, 25; middle toe with claw, 28.7. Five females, length, 280; 
wing, 149; tail, 105; culmen, 36; tarsus, 25; middle toe with claw, 28.4. 
Iris brown; legs and feet dull black; bill pinkish, white along gape and 
at tip. One of the commonest Philippine birds, found abundantly 
among the coconut groves and in the-scattered trees about open fields, 
and not infrequently met with in the forest as well. Variously called 
‘antu-li-hao’, ‘tu-li-hao’, ‘tu-li-hi-ao’, and ‘ku-li-ao-an’ by the natives, in 
attempted imitation of its rather musical note.” (Bourns and Worcester 
MS.) 
