﻿ON THE BOTANY OF JAPAN. 379 



also Coptis trifoUa, and the two new species characterized by Zuccarini, — one of 

 which appears to be the Northwest American C. asplenifolia, and the other a repre- 

 sentative of Nuttall's C. occidentalism — as also Zuccarini's genus Anemonopsis, un- 

 fortunately were not met with. 



I may remark that Zuccarini's Isopyrum Japoiiicum is clearly I. adoxoides, DC. It is 

 not so nearly related to the Californian I. occidentalc as our Eastern American /. hiter- 

 natum is to the European I. thalictroides. 



The Aquilegia flahellata is apparently a cultivated plant. I have never seen A. Bur- 

 geriana, Sieb. & Zucc. ; but it seems to be the Japanese form of A. Canadensis, which 

 stretches across the New World from the Atlantic coast to Kamtschatka. Anemone 

 Pennsi/lvatiica, Linn., is in similar case, but has penetrated well into Siberia; it is 

 enumerated by Thunberg as a Japanese plant, probably correctly. 



Acfcea spicata is now for the first time found in Japan, both with slender and with 

 thickish pedicels; the color of the berries not recorded. There are indications of 

 Cimicifuga fcetida in Japan, — a species which extends from Oregon westward to 

 Russia in Europe, while it is represented on our Alleghany Mountains by the too 

 closely allied C. Americana. A different and more peculiar case of representation 

 occurs in this group, Cimicifuga [Macrotys) racemosa and cordifolia, peculiar to North 

 America east of the Mississippi, bemg plainly represented by Zuccarini's three species 

 of Pitgrosperma (one of them Actcea Japonica of Thimberg). Siebold also found 

 a Trautvetteria in Japan ; which, from the brief characters mentioned, seems not to 

 differ from our own Alleghanian T. palmata, already identified on the Okotsk coast, 

 and also (as T. grandis, Nutt., but with no marks to distinguish it from the East- 

 ern plant) in Oregon and on the island of Kodiak, — close under the long peninsula 

 of Ailaska, which points to Japan, and is in fact almost connected with it and with 

 Kamtschatka by means of the Aleutian and the Kurile Islands. 



Our collection contains specimens of Glaucidium palmatum, Sieb. & Zucc, with 

 young fruit, and so affords the means for nearly completing the characters of this 

 remarkable genus. The floral envelopes (lilac or pinkish) are evidently simple, 

 calycine, and early deciduous ; the anthers of the normal sort. But the remarkable 

 point now brought to light is, that there are often two or three pistils, more or less 

 connate at their bases, apparently follicular and above widely divergent in fruit, and 

 containing numerous seeds in several ranks. The immature seeds are oval, fiat, thin, 

 and broadly winged except at the hilum. The number of pistils, as now revealed, 

 excludes the idea of a relationship with Podophyllum and Diphylleia, which the foliage 

 suggests. Zuccarini has rightly referred the genus to the Ranimculacese. It belongs, 



