28 A GLOSSARY OF LATER 



Trpoa-Kwelre, rfj<! ypa^^'i fir] ixovat)'! pr)T(b<; irw-rroTe. Kal Br]Xo2 avTa> 6 TraTpidpxn'i oti, 'Hfj,ei<; 

 TO, KoKax; e'f dpyrji; koI avcoBev opiaOivra xjtto re rSiv aTroarokwv km tuv iraTepwv ovre irapa- 

 eraXevofiev ovre irepia-a-orepdv rt ev avTo2<; oiKovofiovfiev. 



§ 19- 

 Third Epoch. From A. D. 1099 to 1453. 



The West once more came in contact with the East. The Latin church sent large 

 bodies of men to Syria to deliver Jerusalem from the hands of the unbaptizcd race. 

 But experience taught the holy men that it was a less easy task to contend with the 

 Arabs, than to punish the effeminate schismatics who most unaccountably refused to 

 believe that the keys of paradise were in the possession of the bishop of Rome. They 

 therefore very naturally preferred to plunder Constantinople, and to occupy Pelopon- 

 nesus and other parts of Greece. 



The ancient language was now an obsolete language; that is, it was no longer 

 understood by the masses."'^ Those, however, who made any pretensions to education 

 affected to write according to the grammatical rules of classical Greek ; the spoken 

 dialect being, in their judgment, unfit for elaborate composition. But they did not aim 

 at anything higher than an imitation of the earlier imitators. They were enraptured 

 with the turgid style of the rhetoricians of the first five or six centuries of our era, 

 and with the verses of such poets as Oppian."^ The language of the scholars of this 

 epoch resembled the ancient Attic chiefly in its external form. We shall call it 

 scholastic Greek. 



The popular dialect was essentially the same as the Romaic or modern Greek of the 

 present day, and may with propriety be called the early modern Greek. The learned 

 gave it the name of the vulgar dialect, the common dialect, the common language of the 

 Rotnans.^^ The last of these expressions owes its origin to the fact that, during the 



^^ NiC. Greg. I, 163 Kal ^v -njiiiKavTa di/fjp ill Xdyois inioTinos tm lia<n\iKai o-uyKaTfiXfy/ieVor KXrjpa, Tfapyios 6 eV 

 Kinrpov, or tov iv rais ypa(f>ais tiyev^ i^s 'EXX<58oi pvdfiov Kal t^v 'ATTiKi^ovaav yXacra-av cKelvrjV TraXai tt o\v v rj d r; 

 Xp 6v o V Xt) 6t] s K pv fi i VT a jivxots, ^iaeas Se^tortjTi Kai (juXorrovia reXeaTepa npbs (fias rjyaye Koi olovei Tiva 

 cxapia-aTo axa/Sitocrii'. This means simply that George of Cyprus wrote what would be called good Attic. 



*^ Compare PtOCH. 1, 316 seq. KaXos ev o AijSdnos, iv txn <"■' XP^<^"<P"' ^Inavfie, Made 'OTT-mavby, ■neivav 



oi&iv (po^eia-ai *Av fi cXenrev 6 'Omriavbs k emava (j>ovpvT]Tdpt]S, UoKiiv kuKov /x' l^e^aivev Koi StacpopioTepirCiv. 



'* COMN. I, 98 'Aia-p.aTiov avTto dveirXe^avro ($ t 8 i to t i 8 o y p.€v avyKeliifvov y\<i>TTr]s,K. T. X. 39o BXaxow 

 TOUTODj j; KoiVTj KoKuv oldf SidXe KTOS . CONQUEST. 2805 PafidtKa Tov dneKpidr), He answered Mm in 

 Romaic. Ducas, 138 T^v ko ivrjv y\ Utt av P a> n a i av . 



The modern adjective P«;iattKos (in three syllables), less con-ectly Papa'iKos, is derived from P<o- 

 ^aiof, after the analogy of 'AxauKo's from 'Axato'f. Hence, 17 Pco/xattKij y X w o- a- a , or simply rd PaixaiiKa, 



