38 A GLOSSARY OF LATER 



THE FOREIGN ELEMENT OF THE GREEK LANGUAGE. 

 TIIF, PERSIAN ELEMENT. 



§ 23. 



The Persian words occurriBg in ancient Greek ^' express things peculiar to the Per- 

 sians. Such are ayyapo<;, ava^vpiBe<;, apra^rj, acrTdvBrj(;, jci^a, KiBapK, Kvp^aaia, Trapaa-dyyrji;, 

 cravvuKpa, crapa^apa, craTpaTrr]<;, c!-)(oivo<i, ridpa. In Byzantine Greek we have ^aBoap, 

 ^arpiKiov, KU^dBiv, r^ovKaviffTrjpiov. 



THE SEMITIC ELEMENT. 



§ 24. 



The Jews after the dispersion generally adopted the languages of the gentiles among 

 whom they resided.™ A Jew whose native language was the Greek was called a 

 Hellenist^ The Jews of Alexandria used the Macedonian- Attic of that city, that is, the 

 Attic as modified by the Macedonians. And as the original Scriptures were no longer 

 understood by the great mass, it became necessary to translate them into that language. 

 This is the celebrated Septuagint version of the Old Testament. According to the 

 received opinion, it was made in the reign of Ptolemy Philadelphus."" Philon however 

 intimates that this applies only to the Law, that is, the PentateiichP If so, the other 

 books must have been translated subsequently to the time of that king.^' Of the dates 

 of the Apocrypha of the Old Testament nothing positive can be affirmed, except that 

 most of them, if not all, were written before the commencement of the Christian era, 



^' AtheN. 3, 94 Kal yap irapa Tois apxaioi^ TroirjToii kui a-vyypacjjeviri toIs (K^obpa iWrjvl^ova-iv ecrrtv evpuv Kai 

 TLepaiRCL ovopara Ktipeva 8ia Tt]v TJjr ;^p^(j£us trvvrjQeiav, ws Tovs Trapacrdyyas Ka\ tovs dcrTavSas koi tovs ayyapovs Kal Ttji/ 

 (Txoivov ri Tov (Txoivov. 11, 98 ^ aw aK pa . . . . (Knupd (j)T](TiU elvai ovTois KaXoipevov • eari Be Gepo'iKov. 



'** Compare NT. Act. 2, 8 Kul iras ijpus aKoiopev iKacrros rfj iSi'a SiaXeKra fjpav iv ,7 iyfPvfjBrjpep, TIdpBot Ka\ 

 M^Soi Kal 'EXa/ntrat Kal ol KOTOiKovvTes MeaoTTOTapiav, 'lovSalap re Kal KaTriraSoKiav, IIovTov Kal t^» 'Aa-tav, ^pvyiav re 

 Kal IlapfpvXlav, AiyvTTTOv Kal Ta piprj T^9 Aifivrfs ttjs Kara Kvprjvriv, Kal ol eTnSrjpovvTes Papaloi lovSatoi re Kal Trpoaij- 

 XuToi, KprjTii Kal "Apa^fS aKoiopev \aKovvTu>v avTwv Tair ^/iCTepais yXaxrcratr to peya\(ia ToO 6eov ; 



"' NT. Act. G, 1 'Eyevero yoyyva-pos rS>v 'EXXijwotuv npos tovs 'E^palovs- 9, "29 Svi'efijTei Trpos Toi/s 'EXXi/rioTdt. 

 CdeYS. IX, HID 'EWrjviaTas 8c otpai KaXelv Toij eXXtj^htti <^6eyyop(vovs ■ ovTOi yap ekX-qvia-TL bieKcyovTO 'E/Spaioi 

 ovres. 



" Joseph. Ant. Prooem. 3. Ibid. 12, 2, 2 seq. JnsT. Cohort. 13. Trypli. 68. 124. Iren. 3, 21, 2. 

 Clem. Alex. 409, 28. 



'' Philon. II, 138. 



'^ The Wisdom of Sirach was translated during the reign of Ptolemy Euergetes. Sept. Sir. Prol. 



