AND BYZANTINE GREEK. 45 



E long — H ; AurcUus, AvpriKio<i, secretmn, a-riKpr^Tov, cdictum, ^jSiktov. After the dis- 

 appearance of quantity, E long was represented by E ; XeyaTo<;, aeKperov, cScktov. 



I — I ; Priscus, IIpiaKo<s, Julius, ^lovXio^, 2)iscina, viaKiv^. 



O short — O ; Commodus, Ko/xfMoSo';, comes, K6firj<;. 



O long — /2 ; Antonius, ''Avtoovio'}, Constantinus, KoyvaravTlvo's, ciistodia, Kovcnahla. After 

 the disappearance of quantity, O long was represented by O ; religiosus, peKeyloa-o';. 



V was both a vowel and a consonant. As a vowel it is represented by T or OT ; 

 Lusitania, Avairavla, Sulla, SvXKwi, Tullius, TvXKio';, Lucius, Aovklo^, ususfructus, ov- 



(Tov(^povKro<;. 



As a consonant it is represented by OT, or B ; Valerius, OvaXepio^ or BaXepioi;, 

 F'ldvius, ^ovXovto';, Nerva, Nepova^ or Ne'p^a<:. The combinations AV, EV, OV are 

 represented also by AT, ET, OT ; as Flavins, ^'KaovCo<;, ^\avCo<;, or ^Xd^io^ ; Severus, 

 Xeovripo<i, Xevrjpo<;, Or S€^r)po<: ; novembris, voveiu.l3pmv. We must add here, that it was 

 not till after the time of Dionysius of Halicarnassus that B began to be employed 

 as the representative of V. (See also Q, below.) 



Diplithongs. 



AE is represented by AI ; Caesar, Kalaap. In Theophilus Antecessor, by AI or AE ; as 

 aedilis, aeBlXK, tiitelae, ToureXae. After the disappearance of quantity, it was repre- 

 sented also by E ; praecocia, irpeKOKKia. 



AU — AT ; Augustus, Avjovcttoi;. 



OE — 01 ; Cloelia, KXoiXia. 



Consonants. 



B is represented by B ; Balbus, Ba'x/3o?. 



C — K ; Cicero, KtKepau, Cato, Kdiwv. It retained its ancient pronunciation at least as 



late as the time of Justinian. See djKiXa, ayKiXiov, avriKi^vawp, Kevrovplcov, K'r)vaovd\io<s, 



KLcrripva, fidyKoy^r, '77appiKiBa<;, (paKiTj'j, in the Glossary. 



The sounds now given to C by the Italians and Germans, in the combinations 



CE, CI, are recognized by Porphyrogenitus and Cedrcnus. Sec T^ilSird, T^alaap, in 



the Glossary. 

 CH — X ; Gracchus, TpuKxo'i- 

 D — A ; Deciles, AeKw^. 

 F — ^i Felix, ^rjXi^, Festus, ^jjo-ro?. 

 G — r ; Granianus, Tpaviavo'i. 

 H — the rough breathing ; Horatius, 'Opdria. 



