﻿PLANI7E FENDLERIANiE. 49 



CACTACEA (By Dr. Engehnann.) 



' 244. Mammillaria vivipara, Nutt. sub Cacto. Common from Bent's Fort to 

 Santa Fe, on rocky hills and elevated plains ; flowering in July. — " Heads mostly single, 

 often in pairs, rarely caespitose from the ramifications of the subterraneous stem " ; not 

 proliferous, as some specimens from the Upper Missouri are. — There can be little 

 doubt that this is the true Cactus viviparus of Nuttall, although the flowers do not appear 

 to be entirely central. I have living specimens from Santa Fe, and from the Upper Mis- 

 souri, and shall be able to decide their identity after having seen them flowering. — 

 I possess, also, a living specimen of Nuttall's Cactus mammillaris (Gen. p. 295), and 

 have observed its flower and fruit. It is, as has been long suspected, entirely different 

 from the West Indian Mammillaria simplex, DC, and is nearly related to M. similis, 

 Engelm. in PI. Lindh. I have named it after its discoverer.* 



245. M. papyracantha (sp. nov.) : ovata, prolifera, aculeis omnibus planis charta- 

 ceis flexilibus albis, radialibus brevibus 8 centralibus 3-4 multo longioribus, 2-3 supe- 

 rioribus sursum curvatis, singulo inferiore longiore latiore deorsum flexo ; floribus centra- 

 libus (albidis) ; sepalis 12-16 ovatis acutis integris; petalis sub-13 lanceolatis acumina- 

 tis integris ; stigmatibus 5 suberectis exsertis albidis. — In a valley between the lower 

 hills, near Santa Fe, in loose, red sandy, though fertile soil : found only once ; flowering 

 in May. — About 2 inches high, and Is inch in diameter; the tubercles in about 8 spiral 

 rows ; lower ones proliferous ; their shape not well distinguishable in the half-rotten spe- 

 cimen before me. Spines silky-white, shining, of the consistency of stiff paper. None 

 of the 8 radiating spines (1£ or 2 lines long) are directed upwards, but all laterally or 



* M. Nuttallii (sp. nov.): simplex (an semper?), globosa, axillis tuberculorum ovato-cylindricorum 

 supra leviler sulcatorum subtomentosis; areolis junioribus albo-tomentosis ; aculeis rectis albidis, radialibus 

 13-16 subinaequalibus setaceis, central i porrecto robustiore ; floribus ex axillis tuberculorum hornotinorum 

 centralibus (ex rubello flavicantibus) ; sepalis petalisque oblongo-lanceolatis ; sepalis 10 - 13, brevioribus exte- 

 rioribus ciliato-fimbriatis obtusiusculis, interioribus apice laceris acutis ; petalis 20 - 23 integris breviter abrupte 

 mucronatis ; stylo supra stamina (rubella) paulo exserto, stigmatibus circa 5 brevissimis erectis adpressis viri- 

 dibus ; baccis lateralibus subglobosis coccineis. Cactus mammillaris, Null., non Linn. — On high, dry prairies, 

 about Fort Pierre, on the Upper Missouri ; flowering in May. — My specimen is an inch and a half high, and 

 of the same diameter; the tubercles 6 or 7 lines long, in 8 spiral rows, slightly sulcate. Radial spines 4 or 

 5 ; the central one 5 to 6 lines long ; the young spines at the apex slightly brownish. Flowers an inch long, 

 and, when fully expanded, of the same diameter. Petals about 2 lines wide, acute, abruptly mucronate. 

 Stigmas only from one half to three fourths of a line long, erect. The fruit ripens the following spring, and, 

 as well as the seed, is very similar to that of M. similis, but only half as large, although the pits of the globose 

 black seed are of the same size. 



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