Tue Microscope. 269 
The alkaline solution of carmine is capable of coloring the 
different parts of a tissue or cell to different degrees. In a cell 
it is noticed that the innermost 
part is invariably colored the 
most intensely. In the case of 
the epithelial cell the nucleus 
will be stained a deep red by 
the carmine, while the outer part 
will remain unaffected. Nowif 
any young or rapidly growing 
epithelial surface be examined, 
as the layer of epithelium over 
Fig. 3. a papilla of the tongue, those 
Gacy lindeical calls, fattened cell cells nearest the blood vessels 
cells; E, branched cell. x 400. will be seen to take the carmine 
staining completely. They are composed of nucleus matter 
alone; from this matter must come all the future parts of the 
cell. No matter how high or complex the tissue, it must pro- 
ceed from this first living germinal matter, the bioplasm of 
Beale. If the cells be examined a little farther from the nu- 
trient vessel a material will be seen surrounding the nucleus 
which does not take carmine staining. This was once 
living nucleus matter but now from coming in con- 
tact with air or fluids, or for other reasons, death oc- 
curs upon its surface and the nucleus or germinal 
matter becomes changed to lifeless formed material. 
Fis. 4 Still farther away on the surface of the papille the 
oped eel. ay nucleus of the cells has nearly disappeared. At this 
aS aecle (pomt the cell-is so far removed from its supply of 
lus. pabulum that it has become gradually changed. 
Nutritious material then is deposited from the blood, first, in 
the centre of the living part of each cell, the nucleus, is being 
constantly replenished, its outer part is as constantly passing 
into lifeless formed material. All matter must be nucleus mat- 
ter before it can become formed material. Only nucleus mat- 
ter can be said to live, because it ts capable of converting mate- 
rial unlike itself into material like itself. The nuclei of mus- 
cle convert common pabulum into muscle nuclei which is thence 
converted into muscle formed material. The nuclei of nerve 
