97 
are  now  known  and  doctors  from  the  Institutes 
Borges  Medeiros  and  Oswaldo  Cruz  have 
undertaken  to  clear  up  this  point  of  local  no- 
sography.  In  Rio  Grande,  the  most  common 
species  of  “barbeiro”  is  Triatoma  infestans. 
I  saw  some  lepers  and,  from  the  infor¬ 
mation  I  gathered  from  other  physicians,  I 
concluded  that  there  must  be  some  30  patients 
in  the  town.  In  other  districts  there  are  other 
foci,  some  of  them  very  bad  ones. 
Filariosis  has  also  been  found.  I  saw  no 
interesting  skin  diseases. 
Dr.  PEREIRA  jun.  and  other  medical 
men  told  me  that  almost  the  whole  of  the 
suburban  population,  specially  that  of  the 
banks  of  the  Guahyba  and  the  Lagoa  dos 
Patos,  suffers  from  ankylostomiasis. 
SANTA  CA  TH ARINA.  It  was  m  ysecond 
visit,  but  as  before  I  could  not  stay  long  enough 
to  see  the  capital  and  some  of  the  ports.  I 
heard  of  several  cases  of  leprosy  in  the  capital 
and  inland.  Ankylostomiasis  is  extremely 
common  all  along  the  coast  but  no  intensi¬ 
ve  prophylactic  measures  have  been  taken 
as  yet.  Malaria  seems  less  widely  spread  than 
on  the  coast  of  Paraná  and  São  Paulo. 
PARANÁ.  The  coast  of  Paraná  is 
overrum  by  Malaria  and  Ankylostomia¬ 
sis.  I  spent  the  first  three  months  of  1917  in  , 
five  coast  districts,  that  is  in  Paranaguá 
Morretes,  Antonina,  Guarakessaba  and  Gua- 
ratuba,  to  which  the  government  of  Paraná 
had  sent  me  on  a  medical  mission.  During 
that  time  I  made  statistics  of  the  prevailing 
diseases  which  I  intend  to  use  as  a  basis 
for  a  sanitation  campaign. 
Malaria  has  been  endo-epidemic  in  the 
North  of  the  State  for  the  laste  ten  years.  The 
epidemics  of  1913,  1915  and  1917  were  terri¬ 
ble  and  caused  enormous  losses.  During  the 
iast  ones,  1  directed  the  medical  campaign, 
being  aided  by  two  other  physicians.  We 
crossed  eight  districts  and  founded  an  anti- 
malarial  station  in  the  central  one;  this  was 
under  my  direction  during  the  last  six 
months  of  1917  and  the  first  four  of  1918. 
The  campaign  gave  good  practical  results. 
Now,  with  the  help  of  the  government, 
we  are  going  to  work  on  a  larger  scale. 
am  also  making  statistics  of  leprosy  in  the 
whole  state  so  that  the  prophylaxy  may  be 
organised.  Altogether  there  must  be  about  500 
lepers  in  Paraná.  Some  foci  of  leishmaniosis 
have  been  found.  I  am  also  preparing  to  go  the 
North  of  the  State,  to  study  Chagas’  diseases, 
the  transmittor  of  which  is  common  in  Jata- 
hy  and  elsewhere. 
Protozoology  and  Planktology 
by 
Dr.  O.  Ribeiro  da  Fonseca. 
In  this  chapter  I  only  deal  with  the  data 
obtained  during  our  journey  which  can 
furnish  a  basis  for  original  research. 
I  did  not  give  much  time  or  attention 
to  the  protozoa  found  in  sweet  water,  as 
there  is  still  a  lack  of  good  methods  for  pre¬ 
serving  them  and  circumstances  made  it  im¬ 
possible  to  study  them  “in  loco”.  This  is 
also  true  of  the  potamoplankton  of  the 
rivers  on  which  we  travelled;  I  gathered 
samples  of  it  several  times,  but  they  were  all 
so  poor  in  specimens  as  to  make  their 
study  very  difficult.  These  investigations  were 
limited  to  the  Paraná  and  the  Pequery. 
Lake  Ipacarahy,  in  Paraguay,  was  also 
studied  from  a  planktologic  point  of  vue, 
but  the  nets  only  yielded  a  great  many  Co- 
pepcda,  some  other  small  Crustacea  and  a 
few  diatoms  (Naviculoidea).  This  lake  ought 
to  be  worth  studying,  because  its  water  is 
grey  or  blackish  even  in  the  shallow  parts. 
The  study  of  protozoa,  parasitic  in  man 
and  other  animals,  and  that  of  the  oceanic 
microplankton  found  from  the  coast  that 
Uruguay  (al  the  limit  with  brazilian  waters)  to 
of  Sta.  Cat  harina,  gave  much  better  results. 
There  were  new  and  rare  species  belonging  to 
one  or  the  other  of  these  groups,  as  well  as 
interesting  biologic  and  geografic  data,  which 
will  be  published  in  due  time,  by  Dr. 
ARISTIDES  MARQUES  DA  CUNHA. 
Parasitic  protozoa-.  During  the  whole  of 
the  excursion,  I  tried  to  gather  inieresting  ma¬ 
terial,  both  from  patients  and  from  the  game 
Ithat  was  shot.  1  obtained  représentants  of 
