THE MARINE DREDGE. 4! 
capability, too, of supporting great extremes of cold separate them 
from the Fungi with which they are asserted to be identical. There 
are also anatomical differences between the hyphe of Zzchens and 
frungt, which we hardly think it necessary to discuss here. From 
what we have said, and from the arguments adduced on either side, 
it will be evident that the question is by no means settled yet, nor 
indeed can it be till more observations have been made in this 
direction, and our knowledge is proportionately extended. Above 
all, we must approach the subject with an unbiassed mind, prepared 
to receive what Science reveals and Fact establishes, not hastily 
laying the foundation of our opinion on the unproved hypotheses 
of either party, but doing our utmost to vindicate the truth which- 
ever way it may lead us, and to remove, if possible, the necessity 
of any hypothesis at all. 
THE MARINE DREDGE, 
AS AN IMPLEMENT FOR COLLECTING MATERIAL FOR MICROSCOPICAL 
AND ZOOLOGICAL STUDY. 
By Herserr C. CuHapDwIck, F.R.M.S. 
OR several years previous to 1878, I spent my annual holiday 
at various places on the North Wales coast, and by systematic 
shore collecting became tolerably well acquainted with the littoral 
fauna of the places visited, but was still anxious to extend my 
operations to the ground below low-water mark. 
To do this, a dredge was, of course, necessary ; and in the spring 
of the above-mentioned year, after looking into various books for 
information upon the construction of dredges, I determined to 
write to the editor of ‘Science Gossip,” with a view of eliciting 
some practical hints from-his correspondents. A query which ap- 
peared in the March number of that Journal rendered, however, 
this unnecessary, and resulted in a reply from Mr. E. Lovett, of 
Croydon, in which he recommended a dredge of hempen tangles, 
such as were used, in addition to the ordinary form, during dredg- 
ing cruises of the Porcupine and Lightning, and subsequently by 
the late Sir Wyville Thomson, during the cruise of the Challenger. 
Not clearly understanding how Mr. Lovett would construct a 
dredge of such material, I wrote to him for further particulars, and 
the construction of the tangle dredge, which I will now attempt to 
describe, is the result of several suggestions made in his reply. 
