136 THE MICROSCOPICAL NEWS. 
Resembling Dicranum in habit, and with a similar peristome, 
is the genus Campylopus, or Swan-necked Mosses, so called from 
the capsules being on an arcuate or flexuose, or rarely straight 
seta ; from Kapzrvdos curved, zovs a foot. They inhabit turfy ground 
and rocks, and several of the species produce slender flagelliform 
branches, by which they are propagated. 
The leaves are densely crowded, imbricated when dry, erecto- 
patent when moist, and have a broad nerve of several strata of 
cells, furrowed or smooth at the back, and frequently terminating 
in a white hair. A curious falling off of the leaves in several species 
of this genus is noticeable, same as in Dicranodontium, and is 
attributed by Lindberg to a change in the contents of the basal 
cells, akin to the fatty degeneration in animal tissues, the result 
being the arrest of the circulation through those cells, and their 
separation from the stem. Calyptra cucullate ; fringed at base. 
Capsules generally striated, deeply furrowed when dry. Annulus 
of 1-3 series of cells. Dioicous. 
C. pyriformis, the dwarf Swan-necked Moss, is not uncommon 
on heaths and moorlands, and by sides of ditches ; fruiting from 
December to May in large low olivaceous or bright green tufts. 
Stems 3-1in. high, erect, with radicles at base only. Leaves erecto- 
patent, lanceolate-subulate ; longly setaceous, denticulate at point ; 
nerve + width of base; furrowed at back ; Capsules oval, pale ; 
lid conico-subulate ; red. 
A plant more robust and leafy than the last, and with fine 
branched pale radicles on the stem, is C. fragi/is. It fruits from 
December to April on sandstone rocks and turfy soil in sub-alpine 
districts, and is 3-2in. high, of a pale-green, densely leafy above 
with innovations (extensions of the stem) producing at apex fragile 
branches with long narrow leaves. Leaves erecto-patent, straight, 
narrowly lanceolate, very thin and pale at base. Capsule bent 
down among the leaves, oval, olivaceous ; lid, pale red. 
A pretty species known by its very compact tufts is found only 
on the Highland mountains, but not in fruit. C. Schimpert. The 
leaves are erect, straight, lanceolate-subulate, and without the 
small lobes, (auricles) at the base ; nerve = width of base. 
A very rare species, found only in Hebridean Islands, is C. 
Shawit; also rare on Alpine rocks is C. Schwarzit, and its 
minature C. subulatus or brevipilus. 
Fruiting from November to February on turfy ground and moist 
sandstone rocks is C. flexuosus, the rushy Swan-necked Moss. It is 
seen in dense glossy yellow-green tufts. Stems 1-3in. high, inter- 
woven with reddish fibriles arising from back of leaf at base. 
Leaves lanceolate-subulate, channelled, serrulate at apex; nerve 
broad, nearly 4 width of leaf base ; occupying all the apex, fur- 
rowed at back. Capsules ovato-elliptic, pale ; furrowed (sulcate) ; 
