Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig, 7. 
bo 
DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 
(All the figures excepting 4 are of natural size.) 
Ripe fruit of Olax scandens. Note the calyx fused with the peri- 
carp to near the top. 
Germinating seed with primary root emerging and bending down- 
wards. Note the catuncle-like outgrowth of the endosperm. 
A further stage in germination. The hypocoty] forms a delicate 
green loop above ground, the seed being just below the surface. 
The lower part of the stem and the upper part of the root 
are white and thickened, The root is covered with root-hairs. 
A section across such a root is shown in fig. 1 of Plate I. 
Section across the seed in such a stage as that shown in fig. 2. 
The cotyledons are folded in the centre of the oily endosperm, 
their exposed surfaces having a distinct epithelium-like layer 
of cells. 
A young seedling six weeks old. The upper part of the hypocotyl] 
is green and above ground; the lower, subterranean part is 
white and swollen. The node with the scars of the cotyledons 
is seen at the top and a first pair of leaves has been unfolded. 
The whole root-system is richly covered with root-hairs. 
A seedling grown in pure sand for six months. The root-system is 
copiously branched, but the frequent swellings (due to eel- 
worms) show it to be in an unhealthy condition. Root-hairs 
are still abundantly present, but no haustoria are seen. The 
curious fasciated ending of the root is due to its growth round 
the base of the pot. A number of leaves are developed, but 
several have already fallen. The shoot is assuming a dorsi- 
ventral habit. 
A seedling one year old, also grown in pure sand. It is obviously 
unhealthy, most of the rootlets being dead and leaving behind 
them characteristic scars filled with brown mucilaginous 
matter. The main root is distorted by eel-worms and a few 
haustoria are present. 
