2 VARIETAL CHARACTERS OF INDIAN WHEATS. 
the characters of the wheats now in the country, there is not much 
point In introducing into India wheats from other parts of the world. 
The isolation of pure types from single plants and single ears 
was commenced at Pusa in 1905 and at Lyallpur in the following 
year, and has extended over three wheat-growing seasons at both 
stations. In addition to the work done at these places, we have 
collected a very large number of wheats from the various Provinces 
in India and have made extensive tours during the last three wheat 
seasons. The present paper sums up a large amount of the work 
so far done on the varietal characters of wheats and the influence 
of varying conditions on these characters, especially the effect of 
climate, soil and moisture on the composition and quality of the 
grain. Attention has also been paid to the milling and baking 
characters. Another subject of great interest has incidentally 
been investigated, namely, the frequent occurrence, in the Punjab, 
of natural cross-fertilisation in the field. 
An exhaustive study of the wheats of the Punjab was made at 
the request of Mr. Renouf, Director of Agriculture of that Province, 
and the detailed classification of these wheats has been included as 
an example of the system of classification described in the following 
pages. 
We desire to thank all the officers of the Indian Agricultural 
Department who have sent us specimens and, in particular, we wish 
to express our indebtedness to the following: to Mr. F. G. Sly, 
I.C.8., formerly Officiating Inspector-General of Agriculture in 
India, to Messrs. Renouf and Dobbs of the Punjab Agricultural 
Department, and to Messrs. W. H. Moreland, C.I.E., and H. M. 
Leake of the United Provinces Agricultural Department. 
Dr. J. W. Leather, Imperial Agricultural Chemist, has assisted 
us by making a large number of analyses. 
In the milling and baking aspect of the subject we have been 
fortunate enough to secure the invaluable assistance of Mr. A. E. 
Humphries, formerly President of the National Association of 
British and [rish Millers and a well-known authority on these 
questions. 
