HOWARD AND HOWARD. a” 
var. melanopus Al. 
Type 1. Awns long, black but the black colour is lost very 
easily; chaff densely felted, white with a pinkish tinge, often spotted 
with mould fungi; grains long, amber, generally hard and _ flinty 
although occasionally mottled ones are found;' density varies 
with the rankness of growth;’ straw tall, slender but stiff; some- 
what liable to rust ; ripens late. 
This is the common macaroni of the Punjab and was found in 
the Wadanak of Zira, Wadanak of Sialkot, Wadanak of Batala, 
Wadanak Kalchingari of Montgomery, Wadanak of Amritsar, 
Dagar of P. D. Khan, Dagar of Wazirabad, Dagar of Shahpur, 
Pamman of Ferozepore, Dagar of Muzaffargarh, Dagar of Multan, 
Dagar of Montgomery and in the Wadanaks of Lyallpur, Ferozepore 
and Amritsar and the Palestine of Lahore. 
var. africanum Kcke. 
Type 2. Similar in most respects to type 1 but the ears taper 
to a point and are slightly longer; grain very dark red, hard on 
the whole, with a very few mottled grains; length of ear 84 mm.;° 
D=28. This type is more lable to rust than type 1. 
Type 2 was only met with as an impurity in Wadanak Kalchin- 
gari of Montgomery. 
var. leucurum Al. 
Type 3. Awns long, white with a reddish tinge; chaff smooth, 
shiny, white with a pinkish tinge due to the veins on the glumes 
being red ; grain very long and thin, white, much lighter in colour 
than type 1, generally very hard and translucent, hardly a mottled 
1 The descriptions of the consistency refer to the samples obtained in the harvest of 1908 
when the types were grown in small plots next to each other. 
2 Both the length of ear and the density vary very much intype 1. At first it seemed 
possible that there might be two types differing only in density but from the single ear culture 
we were unable to isolate two strains constant as regards density. 
3 Length of ear & D were both measured in specimens from the harvest of 1908 and 
are the average of 20 typical ears, As explained in the earlier pages no great stress can be 
laid on these measurements, They are merely given as an indication of the yalue of these 
quantities. 
