39 VARIETAL CHARACTERS OF INDIAN WHEATS. 
grain to be found; length of ear 75 mm.; D=22; straw good ; 
ripens late ; not so liable to rust as type 1. 
Type 3 was only found as an impurity in the Wadanak of Lyall- 
pur in very small quantity. The grains of this wheat are so long 
that in cleaning prior to grinding they would pass over standard 
sieves with the large impurities. 
TRITICUM COMPACTUM Host.—DWARF WHEATS. 
Ears exceedingly dense and short, rarely over 5 cms. long, 
outer glumes keeled in the upper half and rounded in the lower half, 
straw very short and stiff, grains rounded. 
There are four varieties of dwarf wheats grown in the 
Punjab. These wheats are drought-resisting and are generally grown 
on inundation moisture with little rain. They are also said to be 
good yielders and type 7 has a good reputation for bread making. 
Owing to the smallness of their grain they can however only be 
used for indigenous consumption and they are therefore being gra- 
dually replaced by common wheats. They agree with the common 
wheats in time of ripening and showed themselves exceedingly sus- 
ceptible to early rust, P. triticina Eriks, when grown at Pusa, in fact 
they were almost destroyed by it. They are, however, fairly resist- 
ant to yellow rust. The ears are short and erect, the straw stiff, 
short (generally about 3’ 6” or 4’), hollow throughout as in com- 
mon wheats but much stouter. 
Humphries’ remarks that ‘‘ types 4 and 7 are extraordinarily 
small in the berry, so small that millers would hesitate to buy 
them if they contained any small seeds because the machinery used 
for extracting the small seeds would take out simultaneously a very 
large proportion of the wheat berries themselves. ’’ 
var. erinaceum Keke. 
Type 4. Ears bearded with short bristly spreading awns very 
irregular in length, awns red ; chaff smooth and dark red ; grain very 
small, round, rather a light dirty red in colour, very difficult to 
distinguish from a dark amber, hard on the whole with a few soft 
1 See Appendix A. 
