HOWARD AND HOWARD. 35 
This wheat is one of the most interesting types found in the 
Punjab for although it must be classed as a common wheat, it 
appears to possess many of the characters of the macaronis. The 
felting resembles very closely that of the macaroni wheats and is 
quite different to that found on the other felted common wheats or 
on the felted dwarf wheat. The shape of the glumes with the 
keeling continued sharply to the base resembles that of macaronis. 
The hollow straw and the shape of the grain are, however, those 
of acommon wheat. The shape of the ear with its compact some- 
times club-shaped top, the stoutness of the straw and the stiff awns 
remind one of the dwarf wheats and it seems quite possible that 
this wheat, which is unique in India, may have arisen from a 
natural cross between a dwarf and macaroni wheat. This supposi- 
tion is supported by the fact that we have found a dwarf wheat 
to be the female parent in some of the natural crosses found by 
us and described in the last part of this paper. At flowering time 
this wheat (type 9) appears to shed a vast amount of pollen and 
probably gives rise in this way to further natural crosses (see p. 61). 
It is interesting to note that this wheat is marked by Humphries 
as being the best of the 25 Punjab types submitted to him. 
var. erythroleucon Keke. 
Type 10. Kars bearded; awns red; chaff smooth, dull light 
red; grain amber coloured, liable to sprout in the ear, con- 
sistency variable, hard, soft and mottled grains found in equal 
proportions; length of ear 82mm.; D=21; straw short and 
weak, ears bend over when ripe ; early. 
This type was found in the Safed of Moga, Mundi of Ludhiana, 
Jogia of Karnal. 
Type 11. Ears bearded; awns red; chaff smooth, a more 
intense and brighterred thanin type 10; grain amber coloured, 
liable to sprout in the ear, consistency variable but with a 
majority of soft grains ; ears squarer and denser than in type 10, 
ear leneth 76 mm.; D=25; straw tall and strong, ears stand 
erect; later than type 10, 
