42 VARIETAL CHARACTERS OF INDIAN WHEATS. 
determines the market value of awheat. Millers like wheats of uni- 
form consistency and on this account definite grades are maintained 
in the United States and Canada, and an inspection system has been 
built up for the purpose of maintaining these grades. As far as pos- 
sible, hard and soft wheats are kept distinct and fall into the various 
hard or soft grades. It is in the conditioning or in the adjustment 
of moisture prior to grinding that the miller finds it an advantage to 
handle hard and soft wheats separately and where a mixture of hard 
and soft leads to trouble and loss. Consequently it is an advan- 
tage to export wheats uniform in consistency. Unfortunately, 
however, in India, wheats do not always come true to texture and 
we have found in the Chenab Colony of the Punjab, where wheat 
is grown under excessive Canal irrigation, there is a tendency 
towards the production of mottled grains—hard and soft in 
places—and to an unevenness in consistency. As has been pointed 
out above (p. 14), new wheats introduced into a district tend to 
develop the same consistency as that of the country wheats. Thus 
at Pusa, wheats tend to become hard and flinty. In some parts of 
the United Provinces, for example the Muzaffarnagar district, 
uniform soft grades appear to be developed. 
To bring out this point a pure sample of Muzaffarnagar white 
was grown in 1908 in three localities—at Lyallpur in the Punjab, 
at Muzaffarnagar in the United Provinces and at Pusa in North Behar. 
In consistency, the resulting harvest was quite distinct. At Mu- 
zaffarnagar, the sample was uniformly soft white, at Lyallpur there 
was a fair proportion of flinty and semi-flinty grains, while the gen- 
eral tint was aduller white. At Pusa, the colour was amber and the 
majority of the grains were hard or semi-hard. As will be seen 
below, both the composition and baking values of these three sam- 
ples were notably different, and the Pusa grown specimen was 
considerably the best. It is one of the future problems in Indian 
wheat investigations to see how far consistency can be regulated 
by cultivation and irrigation and in what tracts wheats uniform in 
consistency can be produced. 
