74 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Mr. Norln- : Oh, yes, I can tell it every time ; the needles are 

 broader and it is more compact. 



The Chairman : What would you prefer to plant in your soil ? 



Mr. Norby : I believe if I were plantincr for a windbreak I 

 would prefer the white spruce, because it will grow a good deal 

 faster. 



The Chairman : Is it hardy enough ? 



Mr. Norby : Oh, yes, it is hardy enough. 



Mr. Philips : What is the difference in the timber for pulp wood 

 or otherwise .between the European larch and the Norway spruce? 



The Chairman : The larch is not used much. However, they 

 make paper of almost any wood. I have seen paper made of beech, 

 and I have seen it made from maple, but they have not worked the 

 larch very much. I think it is because it works too hard. I have 

 seen paper made out of white pine and balsam fir. 



Mr, Philips : I would not have the Norway spruce stricken out. 

 It is a magnificent tree. I planted one hundred of them to protect 

 my apple trees, and they are now magnificent trees. I planted at 

 the same time a European larch, that is forty-six inches in cir- 

 cumference, while the Norway spruce is twelve inches in diameter. 

 The larch grows much faster than the spruce. 



Mr. S. O. Tuve : I tried the two varieties of the spruce side by 

 side, and I can see no difference. One is just as thrifty as the other. 



Prof. Hansen : How far east did you get them ? 



Mr. Tuve : I got them in Illinois. 



Mr. Norby : It seems to me it makes a difference where the 

 seedling is grown. You take the blue spruce grown in the east 

 and plant the seedlings out there on the prairie, and you will find 

 they are not nearly as hardy as those grown in the mountains. I 

 had a lot of seedlings from Illinois, and they were tender. I also 

 got some collected from the mountains in Colorado, and those trees 

 were very much hardier than those I got from the east. I believe 

 there is a great deal in that. I believe it makes a difference where 

 the seeds are sprouted, whether in the east or in the west. 



Mr. A. F. Collman (Iowa) : I am very much interested in this 

 evergreen discussion. I used to be called the "evergreen crank." 

 In 1872 I settled down on the prairie in southern Iowa, and I planted 

 quite a good many evergreens, among others quite a number of 

 Scotch pine. - They grew rapidly from the first, and now they are 

 from two feet upward in diameter. They commenced to die from 

 the top and became very unsightly, and I would not plant any more 

 Scotch pine. The white spruce I think are beautiful, they are a 

 thing of glory. The white spruce and balsam fir are growing finely 

 and hold their color nicely. The Norway spruce is as good a tree 

 as the white pine. I would not recommend the Scotch pine. I ob- 

 tained my plants from the north. 



Mr. Cowles : I have tried the white spruce and the Black Hills 

 spruce. I got the plants from the Black Hills and set them out on 

 the same day I did the white spruce, and the white spruce are one- 

 third larger than the Black Hills spruce. 



