180 . Tur Microscope. 
(streptococcus), was found twenty times,—in fifteen cases of 
primary, and five cases of secondary pneumonia. The third 
variety occurred in secondary cases only, and mostly where the 
primary disease was due to this microérganism. The fourth 
kind was met with nine times, four times unmixed with other 
-forms. All these organisms were most abundant in the earlier 
stages of the disease,—being scanty or absent in gray hepatiza- 
tion, and, if present, staining badly or unencapsuled. At 
the margins of the pneumonic focus in the cedematous tissue 
micrococci were numerous, pointing to the cedema being not a 
passive process but a precursory stage of pneumonic infiltra- 
tion, and resembling the invasion of cutaneous tissue in ery- 
. sipelas. Moreover, inflammatory changes accompanied by 
these microdrganisms were found in the respiratory tract above 
the lungs.. Secondary meningitis in pneumonia was shown to 
be due to the presence of the microérganisms, which were also 
found in the serous exudations of pleurisy and pericarditis, 
which might complicate the lung affection. The bacterial 
origin of the disease, was, therefore, held to be demonstrated.— 
London Lancet. 
SrREAMING OF ProtopLasM.—The streaming motion of pro- 
toplasm can be exhibited very satisfactorily in the thin mem- 
brane (upper epidermis of scale-leaf) found between the scales 
of the bulb of the common onion. All that is necessary to do 
is to transfer a piece of the fresh membrane, snipped off by a 
pair of scissors, to a drop of water on a slide, cover and examine 
with a power of four hundred or so times. The temperature of 
a comfortable room is about right, with less heat the movement 
_ is very slow. Success is more certain if the bulb has started to 
grow, as they often do in a cellar. Care should be taken in re- 
moving the membrane, for the cell walls are very delicate and 
easily wrinkle, forming unsightly and annoying, irregular lines 
over what should be the clear open cell. The material com- 
mends itself for its accessibility at any time, and especially in 
winter when other things may not be readily obtained, and for 
the extreme ease of preparation.—T. J. Burri1, in Botanical 
Gazette. 
