II. THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENT ON THE TYPES 

 OF PUNJAB WHEAT. 



In 1908, the types of wheat grown in the Punjab were botani- 

 cally and agriculturally classified at Lyallpur and twenty-five dis- 

 tinct wheats were distinguished. This work has been described in a 

 previous paper. 1 Subsequently, these wheats were grown for three 

 years at Cawnpore and for two years at Pusa. The consistency of 

 the samples, the nitrogen percentage, and the weight of 1,000 grains 

 have been determined and the figures, compared with those obtained 

 from the original seed grown at Lyallpur in 1907-08, are given in the 

 table below. 



In considering the results of the determinations of the consis- 

 tency of the samples it should be remembered that, apart from the 

 influences of the soil and climate, the agricultural conditions under 

 which the samples have been grown at the three stations are not 

 strictly comparable. At Lyallpur, the wheat crop is overwatered 

 and the methods of cultivation are primitive. At Cawnpore, great 

 care is taken to prevent overwatering while at the same time the 

 methods of cultivation have attained a high degree of efficiency. 

 At Pusa, wheat is grown as a dry crop and particular attention has 

 been paid for many years to preliminary cultivation, to the conserva- 

 tion of soil moisture and to the eradication of weeds. The general 

 appearance of the same wheat grown at Cawnpore and Pusa is very 

 similar and the tendency at both stations is to grow similar uniform 

 translucent bright wheats, which take the eye and contain a high 

 percentage of nitrogen. At Lyallpur on the other hand, the pro- 

 duction of dull soft samples with a low nitrogen content is the 

 rule. These general results are clearly indicated in the table and 



i Howards Howard, Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture in India [Btttanical 

 Series), Vol. II, No. 7, 1909. 



