CORRELATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT PARTS. 



65 



cord grape, from one side of which has appeared a sport, bearing much 

 larger fruit and much larger seed than is grown on the normal portion of 

 the same vine. SeedHngs which I have grown from seeds produced by the 

 sport are larger and more vigorous in type than those produced from seed 

 produced by the normal canes. None of these seedlings has yet fruited. The 

 fruit of Hercules grape, a labrusca-vinifera hybrid, has very large fruit and 

 correspondingly large leaves. The same is true of Columbian Imperial, 

 Pierce and other varieties which might be named. Delaware has small fruit 

 and correspondingly small leaves ; so also have Golden Gem, Golden Drop, 

 Rebecca and others. In breeding grapes I have found among some very 

 excellent varieties others that were exceedingly dwarfed in leaf and habit 

 of growth. When such dwarf vines have been allowed to mature and bear 

 fruit they have produced either small fruit, or small clusters, or both. Many 

 hundreds of grape seedlings of known parentage which have been produced 

 during the progress of my work in breeding grapes show that size and color 

 of foliage, vine and fruit tend to be transmitted to the offspring with con- 

 siderable uniformity — so much so, that the entire lot of seedlings of any 

 particular parentage, whether pure bred or cross bred, when viewed as a 

 whole, is usually of a characteristic type and distinct from the seedlings of 

 other, albeit nearly related parentage. Similar results have followed the work 

 with gooseberries. 



It should be remarked that in making observations on correlation of 

 parts as to size it is important to give due consideration to the species or 

 group features, if the individuals compared represent different groups. For 

 example, some varieties of Vitis aestivalis Mx. may have larger foliage, but 

 smaller fruit, than certain varieties of Vitis labrusca, yet within the limits of 

 the species the larger types of leaf may be found associated with the larger 

 types of fruit, and the smaller types of foliage with the smaller types of 

 fruit. 



With the peach it is easy to find many illustrations of a correspondence 

 in size between the foliage and the fruit. Compare, for example, the type 

 of foliage found on Elberta, Crawford and other large fruited varieties, with 

 the smaller, narrower leaves found on smaller peaches, like Golden Prolific 

 and Hill's Chili, and especially on the seedlings commonly called "natural 

 fruit," which bear exceedingly small fruits. 



Finally, on the question of the correspondence in size of different parts 

 of the plant the evidence at hand, although not sufficient to support a gen- 

 eral statement that it does exist, gives enough indications that it may be 

 found to make the subject worthy of investigation. 



The question of correspondence in color between different parts of the 

 plant will now be taken up. In 1894, and again in 1897, a large number of 

 varieties of apples in one of the orchards of the Geneva (N. Y.) Experiment 

 Station were examined with reference to the color of the blossoms and blos- 

 som buds. Space permits but a summary of results. Two hundred and ten 

 varieties were under observation. There appeared to be no constant relation 

 between the color of the bloom and tlie color of the fruit, except that a 

 large majority of the very pale or very nearly white blossoms were either on 

 crab apples or Russian apples. One crab apple, however, was recorded as 



