294 Messrs. Jackson and Alger on the 
stone and shale meet the transition clay slate of the South moun- 
tain range. But the immediate junction of these rocks was not 
discovered on account of the deep, unbroken soil which overlaid 
and concealed from view their respective strata. It is evident 
that the strata unite near this place, from the fact that their lines 
of bearing here intersect each other at an acute angle ; the bear- 
ing of the clay slate being north, sixty degrees east, while that of 
the sandstone is directly east. The clay slate dipping at an angle 
of fifty or sixty degrees to the northwest, while the sandstone 
dips-at angles of only ten or fifteen degrees to the north, clearly 
indicates the former rock to be of greater antiquity than the latter, 
which was before proved to be secondary from the fossils it con- 
tains. It evidently lies over the clay slate, and we regret that 
we were unable to discover a single spot frem which the soil and 
gravel had been removed, so as to exhibit the connexion of the 
two rocks. Future explorers by traversing the forest, may per- 
haps find an outcropping somewhere along the line of their union, 
which will repay the labor of research, by illustrating their rela- 
tions and comparative age. 
Near this place, on the estate of Mr. Grant, a bed of brown 
and red hematite was discovered about twenty feet in width. It 
exhibits all the varieties of imitative form usually observed in this 
ore, and resembles many of the specimens of the hematite brought 
from the Salisbury mines in Connecticut. It is associated with 
grey oxide of manganese ; which forms a considerable proportion 
of the bed, and is usually disseminated through the geodes of the 
hematite, in sheafs of radiating acicular fibres, or in distinct con- 
cretions, of which however none of the individuals possess 
determinable crystalline faces. It is also in more compact glob- 
ular masses, which are granular, but without any tendency toa 
