called a Gypsey, for Spinning Hemp and Flax. 35] 
yarns. The size of the several parts of the drawings, is to that of the 
machine, as one isto eight. Machines for finer threads or linen yarns 
must necessarily be made smaller than that here given, in propor- 
tion to the fineness of the thread or yarnrequired. ‘The machine 
may be considered as divided into two parts ; figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 
5, representing the part by which a small filament is drawn from a 
column or roving, and which is called the drawing-frame ; 
igs. 14, 15, and 16, the part by which the filament is twisted and 
wound up, and which is called the bobbin-frame. 
Fig. 1 represents, in elevation, a side view of the drawing- 
frame. Fig. 2 represents a plan of that part of the same frame, 
which is situated above the dotted line passing across fig. 1. 
Fig. 3 is a section of the same frame, the part above the dotted 
line being removed. ‘This figure is a plan. Fig. 4 is an eleva- 
tion of the drawing-frame as seen on the end where the filament 
is delivered from it. 
Fig. 5 is an elevation as seen on the end where the hemp or 
roving enters the machine. Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13, 
are parts as seen detached from the machine. The same letters 
and signs are used to mark the same part as seen in any of the 
figures. 
I shall now proceed to describe the drawing-frame. 4.4.4 
Al represent the wooden frame-work of the drawing-frame. 
Across the top of this frame pass two shafts, supported in proper 
boxes, to which B B’ two pulleys are fixed, and about which the 
hatchel-belt C C C passes and by which it is carried. This belt 
is formed as follows. A number of rows of iron or steel points 
are made and riveted or screwed firmly into iron plates, called 
the hatchel-plates; see fig. 6. Each row contains 7 points. 
There is moreover at each end of every row of points, a pin 
having a head at its top. These pins are somewhat longer than 
