called a Gypsey, for Spinning Hemp and Flax. 369 
To understand the operation of this apparatus, let us suppose 
the main belt to be running upon the fixed pulley a, by which 
the machine must be kept in motion. Under this condition, if 
the yarn be forming, and whole, and attached to the bobbin, it will 
be drawn ina right line from the drawing-rollers to the axis of 
the flyer. At the same time the weight, attached to the cord 
which passes from the stopping-guide, as before described, tends 
constantly to draw the end of the stopping-guide towards the 
pulley 4e; but as the end of the stopping-guide passes upwards 
by the side of the yarn, it cannot move towards the pulley 4e 
without carrying the yarn before it, and in this it is resisted by 
the whole tension of the yarn. Under these conditions, there- 
fore, the main belt will continue to run on the pulley a. When, 
however, the yarn breaks, the force which kept the stopping- 
guide in its place is destroyed, and it is moved at once, by the 
action of the weight upon the cord, towards the pulley 4e, and by 
this motion the main belt is carried, by the forked guide, over to 
the loose pulley a’, and, consequently, the motion of the machine 
will no longer be maintained. 
It is not necessary that I should speak of the utility of the 
machine which I have now described. I may however say, that 
a sufficient number are in operation, at the single mill of the 
Boston Hemp Company, for the annual manufacture of one thou- 
sand tons of hemp into rope-yarns. The yarns thus made, are 
found to possess greater evenness and greater strength than those 
made in the ordinary way. They are, moreover, made at less cost ; 
which, in manufacturing, is, other things being equal, the universal 
and only true measure of utility. 
88 
