CONTRIBUTION TO THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE MAMMOTH. 325 



iiio^ that the find occurred within the tree limit, woukl certainly, in 

 most cases, be available, and as all ivory hunters and other hunters, 

 etc., always carry hatchets with them it would not be a hard task to 

 make such a structure, and it could be set up by two or three men in 

 a few days. If a find ap^Dcared sufficiently important to induce these 

 people to report it, the prospect of a reward should cause them to 

 follow instructions given them for its preservation. 



jSIy observations at the place of discovery of the Beresovka Mam- 

 moth and examination of the pieces of skin of the Adams Mammoth, 

 as well as skin fragments from other earlier specimens preserved in 

 the [St. Petersburg] museum, lead me to the belief that the long 

 bristly hairs were distributed throughout the neck and body about 

 equally as regards length and density.'^ It follows from this that 

 the hairy coat of the mannnoth had the closest similarity to that of 

 the musk-ox. The mammoth, however, as little as the musk-ox, can 

 be said to have had a mane on any part of the body, which by reason 

 of the greater length of the bristly hairs extended beyond the sur- 

 rounding hairy parts of the bod}'. It is quite possible that the 

 bristles reached a somewhat greater length on the breast and neck; 

 they did not extend, however, beyond the long hair of the rest of the 

 body in the form of a mane. 



Brandt, in his description of the hairy covering of the mammoth, 

 says " that the body, in confirmation of Boltunofl', Adams, and Tile- 

 sius, was clothed with long, thick hair, is demonstrated by the piece 

 of skin brought back by Adams, which is to be found in the museum 

 of the [St. Petersburg] academy, on which in two places — each 

 some inches in diameter — firmly attached hairy covering was found 

 intact." (?)« 



Brandt remarks further in the same article that Boltunoff, who, 

 as mentioned at the outset, saw the Adams Mammoth in a better 

 state of preservation than did Adams, made no allusion to a mane 

 in his description, while Adams, evidently misled by the long bristles 

 found near the carcass, speaks of one, and thus first brought forward 

 the theory of the presence of a mane on the neck and breast. 



The drawings made by the ancient mammoth-hunters all show 

 indications of a long hairy coat, not only on the neck and breast, but 

 also long hair hanging from the sides and belly. 



The bristly hairs of the mammoth reach a length of about 50 cm. 



aAccording to the investigations of Mobius on a piece of skin of the Adams 

 Mammoth preserved in the Berlin Zoological Museum, the distance between 

 the wooly hairs amoimts to 0.2 mm. at most, and between the bristles 4 to 5 

 mm. (See Mobius, "The hair of the mammoth and of the living elephants 

 compared," in Sitzber. Berlin Akad. Wiss., 1892, p. 528.) 



& Brandt, " Observations on the form and distinguishing characters of the 

 Mammoth " in Bull. Acad. Sci., St. Petersb., r>, p. 579. 



