406 THE ORIGIN OF THE SLAVS. 



MIGRATIONS OF CBEMATIONISTS TERRITORY OF FIGURED URNS. 



We can follow the movement of the cremationists from Pannonia, 

 their starting point, to Moravia, Bohemia, Silesia, along the Oder 

 through Billenclorf, Lusatia, from tlie Oder to the Vistula through 

 the territory of Goeritz, which reaches to Pomerania and western 

 Prussia, and finally to the lower Vistula and the Baltic. All these 

 regions thus traversed and occupied have intimate relations with 

 one another; the urns characteristic of each of them blend with and 

 cross one another. Figured urns are peculiar to the lower Vistula 

 as far as Silesia, thougli they are also found of a somewhat different 

 kind in the cemetery of Kuffarn, in lower Austria. The tombs of the 

 lower Vistula are more or less quadrangular chambers, made of and 

 covered with flagstones. Each tomb contains several urns. The 

 oldest tombs are surmounted by stone tumuli resembling those of 

 Bosnia. Later the stone tumuli give place to those of earth ; at 

 Glasinac they consisted of a heap of stones mixed with earth. 



The circumference of the urns is greater than their height and the 

 opening is comparatively narrow. They are handmade, of clay 

 mixed with pounded granite, and unevenly baked. They vary 

 greatly in size. Some ornamentation or a simple groove divides the 

 body from the neck, the surface of which is often carefully polished, 

 in contrast to the rough and grained body. At the base of the neck 

 there are frequently two handles. Their color is generally reddish 

 gray from the baking, but they are completely or partially covered 

 with a black tint. Their covers are basin-shaped. They are of good 

 depth and identical with the cinerary urns of Italy. Each contains 

 the debris of calcinated bones of a single individual, without any 

 admixture of ashes, though they are occasionally filled full with 

 earth. 



CREMATIONISTS OF VENETISH ORIGIN PENETRATED AS FAR AS THE BALTIC DURING 

 THE HALLSTADTIAN PERIOD. 



With the calcinated bones are often found beads, pins, fibuloe, rings, 

 chainlets, and other ornaments. The beads are of blue glass, bone, 

 or cla3^ The pins, pincers, clasps or fibulse are of bronze. Iron 

 appears exceptionalh^ in the form of small rings and uncertain orna- 

 ments. The glass beads are the same as those of Illyria. The metal 

 objects, as well as the beads, are of foreign manufacture and conse- 

 quently of the same origin. The type of industry represented in 

 the tombs, which xcpresents two specimens of iron to seven of bronze, 

 is purely Hallstadtian. At Hallstadt itself the cremations, number- 

 ing 455, were less numerous than the burials. The immigrants who 

 brought the custom of cremation to the Noric Alps were not the mas- 

 ters there, for the Gauls continued in the majority. The same was 



