THE ORIGIN OF THE SLAVS. 409 



the cemeteries, we can trace with precision the phases of the conquest 

 of the Gauls, their supremacy, their decadence, and their final absorp- 

 tion. Everywhere in Illyria the influence of the Gauls reveals itself 

 by a return to the custom of burying the dead, and their subsequent 

 assimilation is manifested by a decrease of the number of burials or 

 even their entire abolition. 



The Gauls invaded this region in the fourth centurj^ B. C, where 

 I hey constituted the stock of the Yapods. Corresponding to this 

 period of invasion there are found in the cemetery of Watsch, near 

 Laibach, in Carniole, two kinds of contemporaneous sepulchers: 

 First, with cinerary urns, Avithout weapons, and with merely some 

 scanty and jjoor ornaments; and second, those with skeletons resting 

 on their backs, accompanied with weapons and numerous articles of 

 ornament. 



Two peoples thus lived side by side, one dominating the other; 

 the one warlike, the other peaceful and oppressed. The social con- 

 ditions which one school of students, supposed to have existed on 

 the Danube only at the time of the Avars, in the sixth century A. D., 

 nnist therefore already have existed in the fourth century B. C. 

 The Gauls found in Paimonia a people given to agriculture, and con- 

 sequently with little taste for arms or aptitude for war. These 

 indigenes were oppressed and exploited by the Gauls. The series 

 of foreign conquests comprises also that of the Avars. But the 

 natives were not supplanted by the newcomers. 



GAULS IN ILLYRIA AND PANNONIA ASSIMILATED BY THE CREMATIONISTS ; PRESENT 

 SLAVS THEIR DESCENDANTS. 



As regards the first conquerors, the Gauls, they not only did not 

 supplant or exterminate the natives, but w^ere themselves assim- 

 ilated. Other invaders were but transients, and soon left in search 

 of less impoverished territories where booty was more abundant. 

 Gallic words in the Slavic tongues, and Gallic types among the 

 Bosthians, confirm the record of history. 



In certain cemeteries, as in that at Jezerine, in the northwest angle 

 of Bosnia, the struggle of the indigenes can be followed up and its 

 final triumph established. In the Jezerine cemetery, the proportion 

 of supulchers with burial in the first period of the Tene, was 85 per 

 cent; in the second period, during the decline of the Tene, it fell to 

 40 per cent ; and finally, in the third, or Roman period, it was on the 

 point of disai^pearing, being only 7 per cent. 



The crania collected, though insignificant in number, also bear 

 witness to the absorption of the ancient dolichocephalous, or long- 

 headed people, there being a proportion of three mesocephales to 

 five brachycephales. If, then, where numerous conquerors passed 

 through the territor3% a population which had existed since the Hall- 



