ROTATION ON THE SMALL FRUIT FARM. 113 



cess as to catch and then had to resort to the vine. I do not like 

 their appearance, but know of nothing better than leaving them on 

 the ground as a mulch. 



Mr. Seth Kenney : I would like to ask what kind of blackberry 

 he cultivates and whether he lays them down in the winter. 



Mr. Lord : I have not practiced laying down the red raspberry 

 of any kind, but for trial I have had nearly all the raspberries in the 

 general market. For my own use I prefer only two or three kinds : 

 the Turner, Cuthbert and Loudon. With the black raspberries I 

 have the best success with the Gregg and Palmer. I do not like to 

 have them in my orchard for a number of reasons, but I have met 

 with excellent success with the Snyder and Briton blackberries. I 

 have tried half a dozen different varieties, but have had the best suc- 

 cess with the Snyder and Ancient Briton. 



Mr. Seth Kenney: Do you have good success without laying 

 them down ? 



Mr. Lord : The past five years I did not lay them down, and I 

 had excellent success, good crops. To be sure of a crop I would pre- 

 fer to cover them, and sometimes I have partly covered some of them, 

 but those standing came out as good as those covered. I have never 

 found it necessary to cover red raspberries on my place, especially 

 the Turner and Loudon. 



Mr. Oliver Gibbs : Yours is a sheltered situation, in the valley 

 where your raspberries are, with trees surrounding them. 



Mr. Lord : It can hardly be called a sheltered valley, although 

 my place is considered one of the most valuable in the state for fruit 

 with the exception of apples. Prof. Green and Prof. GofT told me 

 that my apple trees blighted worse than anything they had ever seen, 

 although I take a great many premiums with my apples at fairs. 



Mr. A. P. Stevenson (Man.) : I just want to say a word along 

 that line of planting small fruits between apple trees. Our first 

 planting of apple trees was without any planting of fruit between 

 the trees, and we found a large percentage of our trees root-killed. 

 After that we planted the red raspberries and red currants in the 

 rows between the apple trees, and I found that the apple trees suc- 

 ceeded a great deal better than without the fruit. The small fruits 

 did thoroughly well, and it was only last year and the year before 

 that we found it necessary to remove the small fruits as the trees 

 were getting too large and needed the space. I consider it a great 

 benefit to have the small fruit between the apple trees. 



Mr. W. D. Harris : Have you ever tried sweet corn between the 

 apple trees ? 



Mr. Lord : I have raised good crops after taking out the rasp- 

 berries, but I would not advise planting field corn. 



The President : I have had good luck in planting three rows of 

 peas, doing it with the seeder, filling up all the holes but three and 

 dropping them along half way between the rows of apple trees on 

 each side, and I did it for this reason : I knew that peas evaporate but 

 little water and can be planted very early, generally the first of April 

 and sometimes the last of March, and by planting early peas I can 

 get them out of the way before the drought gets there, so they will 



