l62 BROOMALL : 



"her eyes" we have the bug-eye or buck-eye of the Chesapeake. 

 German Schnazc, from the same root as snout, is applied to the 

 vessel called in English a snozv. Probably smack, whence 

 French semaque, is, by the easy change of n to m, from Old 

 English S7iaec. The same word appears in Old English naca, 

 with which compare French nacelle. From this root, too, comes 

 the modern sneak-boat, the word boat having been added when 

 the meaning of the first part was forgotten, and the com- 

 pound is now generally considered as referring to the sneak- 

 ing movement of the boat. Old Flemish snebbe, equivalent 

 to German Sclmabel, was applied to the beak of a vessel and 

 also to a vessel described as "barque longuete." These 

 instances of naming a vessel by synecdoche from the prow 

 give some support to Wedgewood's suggestion that navy, 

 Latin 7iavis, Greek vaSs, may be from the same root as nose, 

 and that our words bark and barge and their European cog- 

 nates may be from Old Norse barki, throat.* 



The comparison to the animal form is extended to other 

 parts of the vessel, as in German Banch, belly, English bilge, 

 the part that bulges, the belly of the ship ; the zvaist, the mid- 

 ship portion ; the back, the keel and kelson ; broken-backed , 

 to be hogged, or, as the Germans say, einern Katzenrucken 

 atifgestoche^i haben, to be strained so as to bend the hull like a 

 hog or cat's back ; the t'ibs, Spanish costillage, French cotes, 

 timbers which spring from the keel as ribs from the back- 

 bone ; quarters, equivalent to the hind-quarters of an animal, 

 called by French sailors handles, hips ; and buttocks, German 

 Hinterbacken , French cul v^wiS. f esses and their English mono- 

 syllablic equivalent, applied to the afterpart or stern of the 

 vessel. From a particular resemblance to the animal the 

 many-oared vessels of former times were facetiously called 

 hedgehogs, just as later an iron-clad was known as hog-in- 

 armor. Another likeness in shape gives the lately introduced 



*See "Colloquial Ship Names," Proc. Drl. Co. Inst. Sci., Vol. 

 Ill, p. 170. 



