108 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Pres. Underwood: Did the native trees seem to thrive? 



Mr. Gerrish: Yes, sir; I had a plum grove there that held 

 its own. 



Pres. Underwood: Is there any clay mixed with the subsoil? 



Mr. Gerrish: No, there is no clay in the subsoil. 



Mr. Wedge. I just want to state that on our town site at 

 Albert Lea the soil is as distinctly sandy as any you can find. 

 The subsoil is sandy even down to gravel, to a depth of four 

 feet, but there are some good orchards right on that town site. 

 Of course, the clay subsoil is preferable, but I would not 

 discourage a man like our friend from planting on the soil he 

 has. 



Mr. Philips: How many years have they borne? 

 Mr. Wedge: A good many years, and they are very 

 profitable. 



Pres. Underwood: The list of fruits recommended by the 

 State Horticultural Society is a very safe list to stick to. 



Mr. Dartt: I have had a little experience with sandy land. 

 I set trees on my land, and I kept them well mulched in the 

 winter, and I manure them well before I set the trees and keep 

 them well manured and keep them well mulched, and I think 

 if the gentleman will follow that plan he will succeed if he 

 takes that precaution. Always mulch your trees in the fall. 

 Never let such a time come upon you like this without mulching, 

 if you do not want the roots killed. So far as that is concerned, 

 it does not make any difference what the variety is, root-killing 

 will take the whole thing clean. If he takes that precaution, 

 he will succeed in growing apples successfully on any ground, 

 but always keep them mulched with manure. 



Mr. Richardson: I want to ask Mr. Dartt one question. If 

 root killing takes the whole thing clean, why is it that the 

 seedling roots will kill off and the top will come through all 

 right? 



Mr. Dartt: It is the difference in the degree of cold that 

 kills. Sometimes two or three trees are root- killed, but when 

 it grows so very cold, and when the ground is poor, that will 

 induce general root-killing, and it takes one like the other. I 

 have had some trees root- kill, and the root killing seemed to be 

 in waves; there would be five or six to ten first where there 

 were two or three rows that were killed, then there would be a 

 space that would be left. It killed crabs just as well as any 

 thinof else. 



