EVERGREENS. 339 



DISCUSSION. 



Mr. E. M. Sherman, (Iowa): I noticed in Mr. Bush's paper that he 

 recommends the white pine for g^eneral planting- throughout the 

 state. It has been our experience that it is subject to a great deal 

 of searing, and as we go west in Iowa, and as I have observed 

 through southern Minnesota, I find the same thing holds good. 

 Mr. Wedge tells me that at Albert Lea the tree was badly seared, 

 and I believe as you go west of, perhaps, Winnebago City, that the 

 white pine is entirely worthless as a windbreak tree. I believe if it 

 is planted in exposed localities it will kill out. Another thing in 

 the paper that surprised me is that he did not include the Norway 

 spruce, although I do not consider it as valuable as the white 

 spruce; I do not think it is as hardy generally; I think it is a tree 

 that has a great deal of value for certain places, especially for 

 eastern Minnesota — and the white spruce he objects to as a wind- 

 break tree because it will not stand drouth. I have seen some very 

 fine windbreaks of white spruce. 



Mr. Wyman Elliot: I would like to ask Mr. Sherman if he has had 

 any experience with the Norway pine? 



Mr. Sherman: I have had a little experience with the Norway 

 pine. I think well of the Norway pine in the few places where I 

 have seen it. 



Mr. A. J. Philips (Wisconsin): There is one thing in Mr. Bush's 

 paper I noticed that might, perhaps, be a little misleading, and it 

 was contrary to my experience, and that is that the best row of 

 Duchess and the best row of Wealthys are within a few feet of that 

 row of white pine. Now, with me an apple tree within ten or twelve 

 or fifteen feet of an evergreen is a failure; it is fatal to the apple 

 tree after awhile. They try to get away from the evergeen — and I 

 had to cut out some of my finest Norway spruce. I was very much 

 surprised at that statement that those trees were doing so well 

 w^ithin a few feet of the evergreens, and some people might be 

 tempted to plant apple trees close to evergreens. 



Judge L. R. Moyer: Does he mean the Norway pine, the pine 

 growing in Norway or the red pine of Minnesota? 



Mr. Wyman Elliot: The red pine. 



Judge Moyer: In western Minnesota it is an entire failure. The 

 Rev. Solem says it is a very successful tree in his part of the 

 country. The Norway is an entire failure in western Minnesota- 

 The white spruce with us is doing well. The black spruce is an 

 entire failure. 



Mr. Sherman: Where is the gentleman from, if I may ask? 



Judge Moyer: Montevideo. 



Mr. Philips: Have you had any experience with the red pine? 



Judge Moyer: To some extent, but they all died. 



Mr. G. J. Kellogg (Wisconsin): In regard to planting ornamental 

 trees: If they are planted near shade trees, like the elm, they will 

 wipe out those ornamental trees. So far as the Norway spruce is 

 concerned, it does very well with us, but it will not stand every- 

 thing. It is not a handsome tree after it gets to be forty years old. 



