30 BROOMALL : 



cited the following definitions of niizzen by authors and lexi- 

 cographers ranging in date from 1643 to 1891. 



Mizscn : The aftermost fore-and-aft sail in a ship ( Century 

 Dictionary, 1889) : the hindmost of the fore-and-aft sails 

 (Webster's International, 1891 ) : misaine, le mat, la voile qui 

 est entre le bea^ipre et le grand mat ; mat de 7nisaine, fore- 

 mast ; fnizze7i, a mast in the stern or back of a ship, artimon ; 

 mizzenmast, mat d'artimon fChambaud's Eng.-Fr. Diet., 

 1805) : misaifie, the foremost sail ; mizzoi , voile d'artimon 

 (Boyer's Kng.-Fr. Diet., 1794) : niesana, mizzen mast or sail ; 

 mizen, mesana ; mizeumast, palo de mesano (Velasquez, Sp.- 

 Eng. Diet., 1872): viesana, fore-mast; mizzen, vela de la 

 mesana; mizzenmast, subst., mesana, trinquete (Gattel's 

 Eng.-Sp. Diet., Paris, 1803) : mizzen, mezzana, albero di 

 poppa (Meadow's Ital.-Eng. Diet., 1876) : mizen, the spanker 

 or driver is often so named ; mizen-mast, the aftermost mast of 

 a ship (Admiral Smyth's Sailor's Word Book, 1S67) : mizen- 

 mast, the mast which stands abaft, and from which its rigging 

 and sails are named as ... . mizen, mizen-top-sail 

 (Bowditch's Navigator, 1826) : the mizen-mast is the after- 

 most or smallest mast of the three (Nare's Seamanship, 1S77 ) : 

 mizaine, c'est la voile qui est entre le Beaupre et la grand'voile, 

 de Focke ; Focke, Foeke zeyl, le voile qui est a la proiie, le 

 tiinquet, boulingue ou bouringue ; tri)iquet, voyez artimon : 

 mezane, bezane, la mizaine ou bezane, voile a la pjupe 

 (D'Arsy's Fr. -Flemish Diet., Rotterdam, 16.13): misaiue, 

 voile qui est entre le Beaupre et la [-rand 'voile, de Focke 

 (Marine \"ocabulary in same). 



The sails here named as equivalent to mizzen, namely, 

 Fr. artimon, Sp. trinquete, Eng. spanker, driver, and O. Flem. 

 Focke are sails thai never were or are on the middle mast or 

 mainmast. 



None of these descriptions of the sail or mast is applicalile 

 to a " middle " mast. On the contrary it appears that mizzen 

 is the name of a sail or mast specifically near the bow or 

 stern, and, when more fully described, the sail is classed as a 



