146 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
ent forestry reports they had better results in transplanting the jack 
Pine at the foot hills of the Rocky Mountains in Nebraska, where 
the land was so loose they did not dare to cultivate it. On our plan- 
tation on the Coteau Farm in Lyons county, we have found the jack 
pine growing better and stronger than anything we have set out. It 
grows very rapidly indeed, but when it gets old it looks kind of 
scraggy; but I confessI have got a softspotforitinmy mind. Iam 
speaking of the very dry situations in the southwestern part of the 
state. I might say another thing, that in our experience down there 
in Lyons county, with that exception, itis not safe to plant ever- 
greens until you have a windbreak forthem. It is not safe to plant 
Scotch pine; they will kill out with the northwest winds, which will 
destroy the foliage. I think we had a little better results with the™ 
bull pine, especially as to its standing the cold spring winds. We 
had more trouble from that than from anything else. 
Mr.C.L. Smith: That isa good point Prof. Green made about 
having other trees started. If I were to tell a farmer to set out ever- 
greens, I would tell him to first start a windbreak of deciduous 
trees, four, six or ten rods away. 
Mr. Dartt: What kind? 
Mr. C. L. Smith: Box elder, white willow—well, those are the two 
best for that dry section. The cottonwood is no good; it will not 
stand the drouth. I should prefer the Minnesota tamarack. That 
isa successful growth of Scotch pine Mr. Wheaton speaks about 
It had four or six rows of European larch on the west side of it. 
Mr. Dartt: I have had experience with the cottonwood, and in our 
section it is a rapid growing tree, and it does remarkably well. The 
Austrian pine with me has been reasonably hardy, a very slow 
grower, but I think not quite as hardy as the Scotch. 
Mr. Harris: I do not thinkitis as good as the Scotch. 
Mr. Wedge: I would like to ask if any one noticed that their Aus- 
trian pine stood the drouth better than the Scotch. 
Mr. Brand: I have no hardier or better tree than the Austrian 
pine, and if the gentleman will come to my place I will be glad to 
show them to him. In reference to the point made in regard to the 
hardiness of the three classes of seedlings, the professor gives the 
white pine as growing on the moist land, the Norway on the next. 
drier, and the jack pine on the driest. Am I right? 
Prof. Green: On moist land the white pine will crowd out or sup- 
press the others, and next the Norway will suppress the jack pine. 
Mr. Brand: I think that is correct, but if that reason is correct it 
is something we can overcome. The reason why the white pine suc- 
ceeds better on that kind of soil is because the conditions for ger- 
minating the seeds are the best, and the reason the Norway pine 
succeeds the best is because the seed finds most favorable condi- 
tions there. It is the same with the jack pine, it finds the most fav- 
orable conditions for germination in the driest parts of the soil. 
You take any one of those three varieties and transplant them, give 
them a fair start and they will do equally well. I should prefer the 
white pine to any of the others. Now in regard to the tamarack. 
We naturally expect to find it entirely in the swamps, and yet when 
