EVERGREENS THAT SUCCEEDS IN MINNESOTA. OLD 
results in soils not moist enough for firs and spruces. The turning 
brown of the leaves in the winter is undesirable, but,in the spring, 
summer and fall, the delicate, feathery foliage is very beautiful, and 
the tree presents a decidedly graceful appearance. It succeeds in 
almost any dry soil where the trees usually planted fail. 
For hedges and clumps of greenery, nothing is better than the 
dwarf mugho pine. Itis perfectly hardy and bears transplanting 
well. I have not lost one tree out of a hundred in re-setting, and 
out of five hundred have not had one die a natural death. 
Experiments with the Minnesota jack pine have been so far favor- 
able, but my experience with it has not been very extensive. 
Some of the most promising evergreens come from the dry plat- 
eaus of the Rocky Mountain states. Among these are: 
Abies Concolor. Finest and most attractive of all; blue in color; 
hardy, except that the lower limbs, in the trying weather of early 
spring, become discolored and sometimes die. 
Douglas Spruce. Vigorous, symmetrical; new growth of a soft 
light-green color. 
Colorado Blue Spruce. Very dense; silvery blue foliage; rapid 
grower, and one which bids fair to prove satisfactory. 
These Rocky Mountain trees are, as single specimens, highly sym- 
metrical and universally admired and, to my mind, are more desira- 
ble when standing out alone than when in clumps or mixed in with 
other trees, with the idea of securing a beautiful, harmonious and 
artistically complete whole. 
AN INGENIOUS SAFEGUARD AGAINST FROST.—George A. Fleming, 
a fruit grower of Visalia, Cal., has devised so ingenious, simple and 
efficacious a scheme for protecting orchards from frost that it 
should be known as widely as possible. It should be borne 
in mind that frost occurs only when the air is still. Hence, fires 
built around an orchard will send their heat and vapors 
straight up into the air, while building them among the trees would 
be dangerous. 
Mr. Fleming, after various experiments, hit on the following plan. 
He thus describes it: ‘We built wire frames on our low truck 
wagons, stretching them from four wagon stakes and heaping wet 
manure over them. Dirt was thrown on the wagon beds to protect 
them, and pots of burning tar were set underneath the straw roof. 
A barrel of water on the wagon was used to keep the straw wet. 
These wagons were driven about and did the best work, as they 
could go wherever most needed. The smoke and vapor were carried 
to the rear as the wagon moved and, being at once out of the rising 
heat, fell close to the ground in a long white trail. At daylight our 
whole 400 acres of orchard was covered with a white fog extending 
from the ground about twenty feet high.” 
That seems to bea perfect solution of the problem. The wagons 
may be driven among the trees or anywhere else, and the blanket of 
vapor left behind is a sure protection against frost. The ideais 
economical, the question of fuel being one that every grower can 
answer for himself.—Call. 
