334 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
green ash and what was represented to be the white ash. If anybody 
can tell me the difference I would be very glad. I believe they are 
the green ash up this way. Ido not know the difference, and I do 
not believe it is easy to tell. In reference to the allusion to the har- 
diness of the hackberry, perhaps it may be interesting to know that 
it grows abundantly in the Red River Valley in this state, and I 
have quite a lot of seed gathered at Warren in this state, and this 
fall we gathered about a peck anda half of seed on the streets in 
Minneapolis; three men gathered that much ina couple of hours. 
There are some large trees, very nice trees, here. In regard to the 
green ash, there is no question about that. We have the green ash 
at the State Farm, on good clay soil, but somewhat dry; it has made 
a good growth, but not a very rapid growth. In regard to the rock 
elm, we can say just the same thing of the rock elm; it holds its own 
well, but is of rather slow growth. It makes very fine timber, and is 
very valuable. 
Mr. Gibbs: Weare all at seaas to what constitutes hardiness, un- 
less we draw the line between the hardiness that endures extreme 
cold and the hardiness that endures extreme drouth. Prof. Green 
is referring to winter hardiness, and I refer to its ability to with- 
stand drouth. Oneis just as important as the other in this north- 
western country. We have many valuable trees that have this win- 
ter hardiness, but as to their summer hardiness that is another 
thing. 
Judge Moyer: In regard to the green ash in South Dakota: When 
Prof, Williams was botanist at Brookings he published a bulletin 
from the South Dakota Station, and he found that the green ash was 
growing all over the state, and that the white ash was found in the 
Missouri River bottoms. Still there were found a few white ash in 
the southeastern part of the state. 
Prof. Thornber (S. Dakota.): Prof. Saunders has found the green 
and white in the northeastern part of the state, but only a few spec- 
imens of the white ash. 
COLD STORAGE OF GRAPES.—Commercial growers and packers are 
now experimenting with large dry cold storage houses for certain 
varieties, believing it practicable to carry grapes until February, 
when fruits are comparatively scarce and prices high. Among the 
favorite winter keeping varieties are the Catawbas and the Ver- 
gennes. Grapes intended for long keeping are taken from the vines 
before dead ripe and placed in shallow boxes in the packing house 
for a few days, until the stems have wilted and much of the moist- 
ure has disappeared. Baskets for their reception are lined with 
paraffine paper, and the fruit is carefully selected and packed. The 
baskets are then placed in the cold dry storage house, and the fruit 
is said to keep remarkably well, many weeks later than when stored 
in the usual manner. Upon being taken from these cold storage 
houses the fruit is liable to deteriorate rapidly, but through the use 
of modern refrigerator cars and cold storage systems of big mar- 
kets, there is no reason why winter grapes may not be advantage- 
ously handled.—O., J. Farmer. 
